Blood Vessels II Flashcards
ADH has two effects on blood pressure. At low levels, it has a direct effect by increasing
_____. At higher levels, it has an indirect effect by causing ____
blood volume (or water retention): vasoconstriction
ANP (_____) is released by the _____ in response to increased pressure
atrial natriuretic peptide; atria of
the heart
ANP decreases blood pressure by promoting _____; this also causes ____
sodium excretion; water
excretion
. Nitric oxide acts to _____
dilate blood vessels.
Inflammatory chemicals act as ____
vasodilators
. Alcohol inhibits _____, thereby indirectly decreasing _____.
ADH; blood volume
The pulse can be felt above the shoulders at the _____, _____ and _____.
common carotid artery; facial
artery; temporal artery
The pulse in the temporal artery can be felt _____
just above the zygomatic arch
The pulse due to the common carotid artery can be felt _____ muscle, at the vertical
midline of the _____
just anterior to the
sternocleidomastoid; neck
The pulse in the facial artery can sometimes be felt _____.
centrally on the lateral aspect
of the mandible
The pulse can sometimes be felt _____ due to the axillary artery
under the arm
In the arm, the pulse can sometimes be felt _____ due to the brachial arter
in the antecubital region
. In the arm, the pulse can be felt _____ due to the radial artery.
on the anterior of the wrist
. Below the waist, the pulse can sometimes be felt _____ due to the femoral artery.
in the groin
- Below the waist, the pulse sometimes can be felt _____ due to the popliteal artery.
at the back of the bent knee
. Below the waist, the pulse can sometimes be felt _____, due to the posterior tibial artery
in the ankle, posterior to the
medial malleolus
. Below the waist, the pulse can be felt at the _____ due to the dorsalis pedis artery
front of the ankle
In addition to their utility in determining heart rate, pulse points are also _____ which allow
blood flow to the region they serve to be stopped in the event of injury
pressure points
Blood pressure is measured by using a(n) ____
sphygmomanometer
____ means ‘listening to the bodily sounds
Auscultation
Sounds heard through the stethoscope after a period of silence during a blood pressure
determination are due to the _____. This is the _____ pressure
blood spurting into the
constricted artery; systolic
As the heartbeat forces blood past the blood pressure cuff and into the constricted
arteries, the sounds that are heard using a stethoscope are called the ____
sounds of Korotkoff
During a blood pressure determination, the point at which sounds of blood flow can no
longer be heard during the release of pressure from the cuff corresponds to the _____
diastolic pressure
_____ is a sudden drop in blood pressure due to a change in posture to an erect position.
Orthostatic hypotension
Nutritional deficits or diseases which cause a decrease in blood viscosity cause ____
chronic hypotension
Blood loss causes blood pressure to ____
drop or decrease