The Respiratory System

Question 1

functions of the respiratory system

Answer 1

-take in oxygen
-remove/ breathe out carbon dioxide

Question 2

how do we breathe

Answer 2

20% oxygen inhale
0.04% CO2 inhale
79% nitrogen inhale

14% oxygen exhale (4% gets used around the body)
4% CO2 exhale
79% nitrogen exhale (the body doesn’t use it in any way)

Question 3

how many times do we breathe in a minute?

Answer 3

-at rest we breathe 14-16 per minute (in and out is one breathe)
-during exercise this can increases much as 50 times per minute, as our breathing gets deeper and faster

Question 4

Vo2 max

Answer 4

the amount of oxygen you can take in and use in one minute

Question 5

tidal volume

Answer 5

the amount of air we can breathe in and out in one breath

-regular training can help improve your tidal volume, which will benefit your sports performance
-this is because your lungs work harder so more carbon dioxide is produced, a better tidal volume allows you to get rid of this more effectively

Question 6

vital capacity

Answer 6

the maximum amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs, after taking the biggest inhale of breath possible

Question 7

the journey of air down the air passages

Answer 7

1. nasal cavity
2. pharynx
3. larynx (voice box)
4. trachea (wind pipe)
5. bronchi
6. bronchioles
   7.alveoli

Question 8

nasal cavity

Answer 8

-nostrils contain hairs called cilia, there job is to warm and moisten the air
-mouth: air also enters here and is separated from he nostrils by the palet, this allows us to chew and breathe at the same time.
-epiglottis: a flap at the back of the throat which closes when we swallow to prevent food entering the trachea

Question 9

pharynx

Answer 9

-this allows food and air to enter
-food goes into the oesophagus
-air goes into the larynx

Question 10

larynx (voice box)

Answer 10

-this is where our voice is produced as air passes over our vocal chords

Question 11

trachea (wind pipe)

Answer 11

this is a large tube which has rings of cartilage around it to keep it open
-if it becomes blocked the whole respiratory system will fail
-it divides into 2 bronchi

Question 12

bronchi

Answer 12

-these are at the bottom of the trachea where is beaches out to the left and right bronchi, one for each lung

Question 13

bronchioles

Answer 13

-these come from the bronchi and divide up into smaller air sacs called alveoli

Question 14

alveoli

Answer 14

-these are the last part of the air passages and are in the lungs
-they are surrounded by capillaries which carry blood with oxygen around the body
-at the same time blood releases CO2 into the alveoli, which is then transported out of the body. this is called gaseous exchange

Question 15

oxygen debt

Answer 15

-only happens when working anaerobically
-the demand for oxygen will exceed the supply
-only way to repay oxygen debt is to stop everything
-will be a build up of lactic acid

Question 16

muscles need energy to work (food):

Answer 16

-that energy comes from food, which is converted to glucose in the body
-the muscles an d liver store glucose as glycogen (which can be converted back to glucose if needed

Question 17

equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 17

glucose + oxygen –> energy + CO2 + water

Question 18

how glucose and oxygen are brought to the muscles:
(in aerobic )

Answer 18

-glucose and oxygen are brought too the muscle in the blood, where reparation takes place & energy released
-CO2 and water are absorbed into blood as waste products and taken away

Question 19

equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 19

glucose –> energy + lactic acid

Question 20

how glucose and oxygen are Brough to the muscles:
(in anaerobic)

Answer 20

-when working at hight intensity, your body does not have time to use the oxygen you are taking in, so instead uses anaerobic respiration
-glucose is still used , but it will now glue off lactic acid