Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ophthalmology > The Red Eye > Flashcards

The Red Eye Flashcards

1
Q

name the most common cause for red eye

A

conjunctivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

name 7 common causes of red eye

A 
conjunctivitis
keratitis
anterior uveitis
scleritis/episcleritis
acute angle closure glaucoma

subconjunctival haemorrhage
orbital disease - cellulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

name the 2 immunoglobulins present in the eyes tears

A

IgA and IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

an ache like pain in the red eye radiating to the brow

where is the pathology?

A

intraocular such as uveitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a foreign body sensation and grittiness like pain suggests the pathology is where?

A

extraocular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is blepharitis?

A

inflamed eyelids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

name the 2 types of blepharitis

A

anterior or posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

name the 2 types of anterior blepharitis

A

seborrhoeic and staphylococcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name the posterior blepharitis cause

A

meibomian gland dysfunction - MGD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a lid margin redder than the deeper part of the lid

anterior or posterior blepharitis?

A

anterior blepharitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

redness is in deeper part of lid - lid margin often quite normal looking

anterior or posterior blepharitis?

A

posterior blepharitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

blepharitis symptoms:

  1. similar to ______________
  2. ______ eyes
  3. _______ body sensation
  4. mild _________
A
  1. similar to CONJUNCTIVITIS
  2. GRITTY eyes
  3. FOREIGN body sensation
  4. mild DISCHARGE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

scales and dandruff, no ulceration and unaffected lashes are seen in which type of anterior blepharitis?

A

seborrhoeic anterior blepharitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is seen in staphylococcal anterior blepharitis?

A

distorted, loss and ingrowing of lashes - trichiasis

styes and ulcers

corneal staining and marginal ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the symptoms of meibomian gland disease?

A

MG openings pouting and swollen
dried secretion
meibomian cysts - chalazia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what condition is meibomian gland disease associated with?

A

acne rosacea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

blepharitis treatment

A

lid hygiene
supplementary tear drops
oral doxycycline for posterior

18
Q

conjunctivitis can be broken down into 2 - infective and other

name the 3 infective and 3 other causes of conjunctivitis

A

infective:

  1. viral
  2. bacterial
  3. chlamydial

other:

  1. allergic
  2. chemical/drug
  3. eczema
19
Q

what is unaffected in conjunctivitis?

A

vision

20
Q

name the symptoms of conjunctivitis

A

red eye
foreign body sensation
discharge
itch

21
Q

red sticky eye
self limiting - clear in 14 days
topical antibiotics clear it faster
Staph. Aureus is most common cause

diagnosis?

A

acute bacterial conjunctivitis

22
Q

name the causes of follicular conjunctivitis

A

viral
chlamydial (unilateral)
drug

23
Q

name the nerve on the nose that can be affected in shingles and if it is involved, means the eye is at risk…

A

nasocilliary nerve

24
Q

name the 3 layers of the cornea

A

epithelium
stroma
endothelium

25
Q

corneal disease is also known as what?

A

keratitis

26
Q

corneal ulcers affecting the centre of the cornea are _________ in nature whereas those affecting the periphery are __________ in nature

A

corneal ulcers affecting the centre of the cornea are INFECTIVE in nature whereas those affecting the periphery are AUTOIMMUNE in nature

27
Q

name the infective causes of corneal ulcers

A

viral
fungal
bacterial
acanthamoeba

28
Q

name the autoimmune cause of a corneal ulcer

A

rheumatoid arthritis

29
Q

signs and symptoms of corneal ulcers

A

pain
photophobia
lacrimation

red eye - circumcorneal

staining with fluorescein
hypopyon

30
Q

how do you identify the cause of a corneal ulcer?

A

corneal scrape for gram stain and culture

31
Q

corneal ulcer treatment:

bacterial -
herpetic -
autoimmune -

A

bacterial - antimicrobial eg ofloxacin hourly
herpetic - acyclovir ointment 5x day
autoimmune - anti-inflammatory like a steroid oral or topical

32
Q

anterior uveitis can be causes by what?

A

autoimmune conditions
infective conditions
malignancy
idiopathic

33
Q

pain is referred to the eyebrow in anterior uveitis

true or false?

A

true

34
Q

name the signs of anterior uveitis

A 
ciliary injection
cells and flare in ant. chamber
keratic precipitates
hypopyon
synechiae - irregular pupil
35
Q

anterior uveitis management

A

topical steroids

mydriatics

36
Q

episcleritis is a common self limiting condition that is associated with what?

A

gout

37
Q

scleritis is a _______ disease that is associated with systemic vasculitides such as __________ _________ and Wegeners - extremely painful

A

scleritis is a SERIOUS disease that is associated with systemic vasculitides such as RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and Wegeners - extremely painful

38
Q

how do you differentiate between episcleritis and scleritis?

A

phenylephrine test

episcleritis - blanches
scleritis - does NOT blanch

39
Q

episcleritis and scleritis treatment?

A

episcleritis - self limiting - lubricant

scleritis - oral NSAIDs, oral steroids, steroid sparing agents

40
Q 
rare
acute IOP rise
elderly
hypermetropic 
severe pain
nausea
cloudy cornea
eye like stone
pupil dilated
circumcorneal injection

diagnosis?

A

ac closed angle glaucoma

Ophthalmology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions