Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ophthalmology > Autonomics > Flashcards

Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

name the nerves that provide sensory innervation to the following areas:

(a) upper eyelid, cornea, conjunctiva and skin on majority of nose
(b) lower eyelid, maxilla, ala of nose and upper lip
(c) skin over mandible and TMJ - apart from edge of mandible

A

(a) upper eyelid, cornea, conjunctiva and skin on majority of nose - CN V1
(b) lower eyelid, maxilla, ala of nose and upper lip - CN V2
(c) skin over mandible and TMJ - apart from edge of mandible - CN V3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

name the nerves responsible for the blink reflex

A

sensory afferent limb: CN V1

motor efferent limb: CN VII

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what level do sympathetic axons leave the spinal cord?

A

T1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

sympathetic axons pass into ____________ nerves to eventually supply organs

A

sympathetic axons pass into SPLANCHNIC nerves to eventually supply organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

name the important ganglion related to the eye

A

superior cervical sympathetic ganglion - SCSG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

outline the route of the sympathetic nerves from the CNS to the orbit

A

exit in T1 spinal nerve
ascend sympathetic trunk
synapse in SCSG
enter internal and external carotid nerves
pass onto surface of internal and external carotid arteries
ophthalmic artery carries to the orbit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

name the cranial nerves that parasympathetic axons leave the CNS via

A

CN III, VII, IX and X

also sacral spinal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

name the 3 important structures of the face that have parasympathetic innervation

A

eye
lacrimal gland
salivary glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where does CN III bonnet with the CNS?

A

junction between midline and pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what and where does CN III pass and exit through/via?

A

passes through cavernous sinus and exits via superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name the muscles that CN III supply

A 
SR - superior division
MR - inferior divison
IR - inferior divison
IO - inferior divison
LPS - superior divison
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what nerves control diameter of iris and refractive shape of lens?

A

ciliary nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

long ciliary nerves contain ___________ and somatic sensory whereas short ciliary nerves contain __________ and ______________ fibres

A

long ciliary nerves contain SYMPATHETIC and somatic sensory whereas short ciliary nerves contain SYMPATHETIC and PARASYMPATHETIC fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

short or long ciliary nerves form the first part of the blink reflex?

A

LONG ciliary nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

opens eye wider

sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

focuses on near objects

sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

get more light into eyes

sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

sympathetic

18
Q

focus on far objects

sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

sympathetic

19
Q

reflex lacrimation

A

parasympathetic

20
Q

allow orbiculares oculi to work

A

parasympathetic

21
Q

get less light in

sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

parasympathetic

22
Q

emotional lacrimation

sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

sympathetic

23
Q

what muscle contains both skeletal and smooth muscle in the orbit?

A

levator palpebrae superioris

24
Q

a non-physiologically enlarged pupil is called a __________ pupil

A

a non-physiologically enlarged pupil is called a MYDRIATIC pupil

25
Q

name the fibres which are radially arranged to dilate the pupil

A

dilator pupillae

26
Q

a non-physiologically constricted pupil is called a ______ pupil

A

a non-physiologically constricted pupil is called a MIOTIC pupil

27
Q

which class of drugs causes a fixed pin point pupil?

A

opiate drugs

28
Q

pathology of which nerve causes a fixed dilated pupil

A

CN III

29
Q

name the fibres which encircle the pupil to contract the pupil

A

sphincter pupillae

30
Q

the pupillary light reflex involves a _ neurone chain

A

the pupillary light reflex involves a 4 neurone chain

31
Q

what do the suspensory ligaments of the lens connect?

A

lens circumference and the ciliary body

32
Q

what happens to the following in far vision:

(a) ciliary body
(b) ligament
(c) lens

A

far vision:

(a) ciliary body - relaxes
(b) ligament - tightens
(c) lens - flattens

33
Q

what happens to the following in near vision:

(a) ciliary body
(b) ligament
(c) lens

A

near vision:

(a) ciliary body - contracts
(b) ligament - relaxes
(c) lens - spherical

34
Q

what nerve is important in the accommodation reflex?

A

CN III

35
Q

what 3 things happen in accommodation from looking far to near?

A
  1. pupils constrict
  2. eyes converge - medial rotation
  3. lens relax
36
Q

name the 3 types of tear

A

basal
reflex
emotional

37
Q

name the 4 symptoms of horners syndrome

A

miosis
ptosis
anhydrosis
increased warmth and redness

38
Q

what causes horners syndrome?

A

impaired sympathetic innervation to the head and neck

39
Q

what are the causes of compression to the cervical parts of the sympathetic trunk?

A 
trauma
carotid dissection
IJV engorgement
deep cervical node metastases
pancoast tumour
40
Q

reflex tears occur when?

A

mechanical or chemical stimulation

Ophthalmology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions