The Plantations Flashcards
The Plantations
Irish land confiscated by the monarch could be sold or rented to loyal English settlers
Old English
English settlers who held key positions of power and were loyal to the English king.
Anglo-Irish
Descended from earlier Norman settlers. Many adopted Gaelic customs and language. Some held positions of power from the English king.
Gaelic Irish
The native Irish. They were Catholic. Followed Brehon Law.
Surrender & Regrant
Henry VIII’s plan to make Gaelic landowners loyal to him. He took their land but allowed them to rent it from him as long as they promised to support him.
Brehon Law
The laws followed by the Gaelic Irish. They were quite different from the English law. e.g cattle was a measure of wealth, divorce was allowed
Laois-Offaly
Where the first plantation took place. Queen Mary I was the monarch.
King’s County
The English name for Offaly
Queen’s County
The English name for Laois
Queen Mary I
Organised the Laois/Offaly Plantation
Munster Plantation
The second plantation. Took place in the south of Ireland. Elizabeth I was the monarch
Queen Elizabeth I
Organised the Munster Plantation
Adventurers
Protestant English soldiers who were given land in Munster
Undertakers
Protestant English settlers who promised spread English customs and laws.
Ulster Plantation
The third and biggest Plantation in the north of Ireland.
Red’ Hugh O’ Neill
Gaelic Ulster chieftain who fought against the English.
Flight of the Earls
Defeated Gaelic chieftains and soldiers left Ireland for other Catholic European countries never to return.
The Nine Years War
Period from 1594-1603 when Gaelic chieftains led by Hugh O’ Donnell fought the English.
Servitors
Soldiers who had fought in The 9 Years War. They were rewarded with land to rent in Ulster.
Loyal Irish
Gaelic Irish who’d remained loyal to England in The Nine Years War. They were allowed to keep their land in Ulster but had to pay very high rent.
Presbyterians
The religion of many of the Scottish settlers in Ulster.
King James I
Ordered the Ulster Plantation.
The Pale
Area around Dublin settled and controlled by the English.
Londonderry
English name for Derry. London craft guilds sent workers there to set up industries.
Penal Laws
Laws that suppressed the status of Catholics in Ireland
Succession
Land being passed down from father to son in the English system. Previously, under Brehon Law a clan chose its own leader
Ulster Plantation, Royal, Legacy today.
The Ulster Plantation was started by King James I in the early 1600s to settle English and Scottish Protestants in Ulster, a largely Gaelic and Catholic region of Ireland. This led to significant changes: Protestant settlers took over land, displacing many native Irish Catholics, which created deep-rooted religious and cultural tensions. These changes resulted in long-term conflicts between the communities, influencing Irish history for centuries.
