The age of exploration

Question 1

Conquest

Answer 1

Capturing or taking of something by force

Question 2

Genocide

Answer 2

Deliberate extermination of a group of people because of their race or religion

Question 3

Empire

Answer 3

A state containing several countries

Question 4

Colonisation

Answer 4

Settling among and establishing control over the native people of an area

Question 5

Impact

Answer 5

An effect, result or force

Question 6

Exploration

Answer 6

Travel undertaken in order to discover new resources or lands

Question 7

Caravel

Answer 7

A small, easily steerable ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in their explorations

Question 8

Rudder

Answer 8

Used to steer a ship

Question 9

Lateen

Answer 9

Triangular sail

Question 10

Carrack

Answer 10

A large ship developed for longer journeys

Question 11

Compass

Answer 11

An instrument for determining direction

Question 12

Latitude

Answer 12

Distance north or south of the equator

Question 13

Astrolabe

Answer 13

Instrument used to determine latitude by measuring the position of the stars

Question 14

Old World

Answer 14

Europe, Asia, and Africa

Question 15

Henry the Navigator

Answer 15

Started a navigation school and wanted to find a water route around Africa

Question 16

Christopher Columbus

Answer 16

Italian explorer who landed in the Americas

Question 17

Vasco da Gama

Answer 17

First European to sail around Africa to India

Question 18

Pedro Cabral

Answer 18

Claimed Brazil for Portugal

Question 19

Bartholomew Diaz

Answer 19

First European to reach the southern tip of Africa

Question 20

Conquistador

Answer 20

A Spanish conqueror

Question 21

Aztecs

Answer 21

Ancient civilisation located in what is present-day Mexico City

Question 22

Incas

Answer 22

Ancient civilisation located in Peru

Question 23

Pizarro

Answer 23

Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas

Question 24

Cortès

Answer 24

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico

Question 25

Slave trade

Answer 25

The business of capturing, transporting, and selling people as slaves

Question 26

Middle Passage

Answer 26

Sea journey taken by slave ships from Africa to the ‘New World’

Question 27

Haciendas

Answer 27

Large Spanish estates usually owned by wealthy families but worked by many peasants

Question 28

Encomienda

Answer 28

System in which conquistadors had forced natives to do work for them

Question 29

Describe Columbus’ Voyage and life

Answer 29

After Columbus’ successful first voyage in 1492-1493, he was appointed governor and viceroy of the new territories by the Spanish Crown. He led further expeditions, discovering more Caribbean islands and parts of South America. However, his rule was marred by poor administration, harsh treatment of the indigenous populations, and conflicts with settlers. Due to numerous complaints about his leadership, Columbus was arrested and removed as governor in 1500, returning to Spain in chains.