1798 Rebellion Flashcards
Nationalism
The desire to gain independence from Britain.
Unionism
Wanting to maintain the link with Britain.
Physical force
Achieving independence through an armed rebellion or uprising.
Protestant Ascendancy
Small group of Church of Ireland members that controlled Ireland.
Penal laws
Used by the Protestant Ascendancy to maintain power in Ireland. These laws discriminated against Catholics and Presbyterians.
Causes of the 1798 Rebellion
Catholic and Presbyterian discontent, poverty in the countryside, the influence of the American and French Revolutions and the establishment of the United Irishmen.
The United Irishmen
A society established to unite all Irish men and reduce English power in Ireland.
Wolfe Tone
Leader of United Irishmen.
An Argument on behalf of the Catholics of Ireland
- Pamphlet written by Wolf Tone.
The United Irishmen were banned because
war broke out between Britain and France in 1793 which led to widespread repression in Ireland.
Two countries Wolf Tone went to for help
American and France
Assistance provided by France in 1796
43 ships, 15,000 soldiers and General Hoche.
General Hoche
Led French troops to Bantry Bay.
The French fleet failed to land in Bantry Bay because
of bad weather.
General Lake
British soldier sent to Ireland to prevent a rebellion. His troops burnt houses, flogged and tortured suspects and confiscated weapons.
Lord Edward Fitzgerald
Irish aristocrat and revolutionary who died of wounds received while resisting arrest on a charge of treason.
Croppies
Nickname given to Irish rebels fighting for independence during the 1798 Rebellion.
Pitch-capping
Pouring hot tar into a conical shaped paper ‘cap’, which was forced onto the suspect’s head, allowed to cool, then rapidly removed, taking with it a portion of the suspect’s skin and tissue.
Four main areas where rebellion broke out
Dublin and surrounding counties, Wexford, Ulster and Mayo.
The rising in Dublin, Kildare and Meath was
signalled by attacks on mail coaches but easily put down.
Rebel victories in Wexford
Oulart Hill, Enniscorthy and Wexford town.
Yeomanry
Part-time army (protestant)
Leaders of the rebellion in Wexford
Father John Murphy and Bagenal Harvey.
Scullabogue Massacre
126, mostly Protestant, men, women and children were rounded up and shot or burnt alive in a barn.
Three locations where the Wexford rebels were defeated
New Ross, Arklow and Vinegar Hill.
Leaders of the rebellion in Ulster
Henry Joy McCracken and Henry Munro.
General Humbert
French soldier, a participant in the French Revolution, who led a failed invasion of Ireland to assist Irish rebels in 1798.
Number killed as a result of the 1798 Rebellion
Between 10,000 to 30,000.
Act of Union 1800
This meant Ireland was now ruled directly from London and was passed as a result of the 1798 Rebellion.
Orange Order
Encouraged unity between Anglicans and Presbyterians against Catholics
Wexford rebels were led by
Fr. John Murphy
Consequences of the Rebellion
Growth in sectarianism (Orange Order), The Act of Union (abolished parliament in Dublin, Orish MPs went to Westminster and Ireland was ruled from there for the next 120 years), growth of republicanism (inspired Robert Emmet, the Young Irelanders, The Fenians and the 1916 leaders)
