The Periodic Table

Question 1

periodic table

Answer 1

an arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number

Question 2

what are vertical columns called?

Answer 2

groups; 1-8 ; transition metals not included ; elements in the same group have similar chemical properties

Question 3

Group 1

Answer 3

Alkali metals

Question 4

group 2

Answer 4

alkaline earth metals

Question 5

group 7

Answer 5

halogens

Question 6

group 8

Answer 6

noble gases

Question 7

what does the number of the group indicate

Answer 7

how many electrons the atom has in its outer shell

Question 8

what are the atom electron diagrams called

Answer 8

bohr structures

Question 9

what is the smaller number

Answer 9

atomic number

Question 10

what is the bigger number

Answer 10

mass number

Question 11

what is the atomic number equal to

Answer 11

protons and electrons (bc atoms are neutral)

Question 12

how to find neutrons

Answer 12

mass no - atomic no

Question 13

what to include in a bohr diagram

Answer 13

nuclear formula, electron configuration, label orbits n=1

Question 14

remember when drawing electron orbits

Answer 14

2 on first, 8 on rest

Question 15

what are ions

Answer 15

charged atoms

Question 16

when does an atom become a positive ion

Answer 16

when it loses electrons in chemical reactions

Question 17

when does an atom become a negative ion

Answer 17

when it gains electrons in chemical reactions

Question 18

electron configuration of when sodium reacts with chlorine

Answer 18

na —- na+

2,8,1 —–2,8

Question 19

ionic bond

Answer 19

the force of attraction between positive and negative ions binding them together in chemical reactions, forming molecules

Question 20

how are ratios calculated?

Answer 20

since each Ca loses 2 electrons, and each chlorine atom gains 1 electron, ratio is 2:1

Question 21

define molecule

Answer 21

a group of atoms joined together. The smallest particle of an element or compound that can exist on its own

Question 22

define covalent bond

Answer 22

a type of chemical bond that involves sharing electrons eg H2O

Question 23

define lone pair

Answer 23

A pair of electrons not involved in bonding in a covalent bond

Question 24

chemical bond

Answer 24

the force of attraction that holds a molecule together

Question 25

explain an example of a covalent bond

Answer 25

H2O : hydrogen has 1 elecron, oxygen has 6.
Oxygen attracts 2 hydrogen atoms who share their electrons with oxygen. there is one lone oxygen pair who is not paired with any hydrogen electrons but thats ok. they’re not sad