Conservation of Biodiversity Flashcards

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1
Q

Ecosystem

A

A community of organisms that interact with each other and are affected by the abiotic, biotic, climatic, and edaphic factors surrounding them

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2
Q

Biotic factors

A

Living : predation, competition, disease

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3
Q

Climatic factors

A

Weather: rainfall, sunlight , temperature

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4
Q

Edaphic factors

A

Soil: type, moisture, pH

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5
Q

Population

A

All the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species eg all the foxes

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6
Q

community

A

all the different populations together in an ecosystem

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7
Q

trophic level

A

the position an organism occupies in the food chain

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8
Q

how do tertiary consumers get their energy

A

from secondary consumers by eating them

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9
Q

how do producers get their energy

A

from the sun by photosynthesis

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10
Q

energy flow in an ecosystem

A

only about 10% of energy from one trophic level is actually passed onto the next level, the rest is used for growth etc

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11
Q

why do plants need nitrogen

A

to convert starch made during photosynthesis to protein

-nitrogen needs to be in the form of nitrate salts which are made in the nitrogen cycle

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12
Q

4 main benefits of ecosystems

A

food, water, medicine, recreation, spiritual/aesthetic

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13
Q

food benefit

A

-seafood from oceanic ecosystems

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14
Q

water benefit

A

-transpiration in large forests contribute to clouds which release fresh water

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15
Q

medicine benefit

A

morphine from poppy

-aspirin from willow

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16
Q

ecological biodiversity

A

refers to all the different types of ecosystems on earth

17
Q

reason for ecological biodiversity

A

need for many very different types of ecosystems to accomodate each different organism
-niche help keep ecosystem healthy, by studying and maintaining biodiversity we keep our planet healthy

18
Q

2 types of ecosytems and their subtypes

A

terrestrial - forest, grassland

aquatic - salt,freshwater

19
Q

forest features

A

high density of living organisms, easily upset with small changes

20
Q

grassland features

A

grazing animals

-lots of insects and their predators

21
Q

salt water features

A
  • lots of dissolved minerals

- makes up most of earth’s water

22
Q

fresh water features

A
  • makes up less than 1% of earth water

- home to almost half of all fish species

23
Q

conservation

A

the wise management of a natural resource to prevent exploitation, destruction or neglect

24
Q

3 examples of conservation

A

forest management (replanting)

  • plans to prevent overharvesting fish
  • reduce consumption of resources by reuse, reduce,recycle
25
Q

growing food :how to make it better

A
  • fertilise land wo leaching minerals into waterways
  • reuse land
  • breed good quality seed
26
Q

transporting food : how to make it better

A

-in season, local , rely less on imports

27
Q

consumption of food: how to make it better

A
  • smaller, healthier portions

- less waste