microorganisms Flashcards

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1
Q

define microorganisms

A

very tiny living things that usually can only be seen using a microscope

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2
Q

3 types of microorganisms

A

bacteria, virus, fungi

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3
Q

3 diseases caused by virus

A

colds, influenza, chickenpox

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4
Q

bad thing about viruses

A

anti biotics don’t work against them

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5
Q

define vaccination

A

when a harmless version of a disease is introduced into a person in order to stimulate the production of antibodies and white blood cells against the disease

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6
Q

2 useful viruses

A
  • some kill bad bacteria

- used in genetic engineering eg insulin

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7
Q

3 diseases caused by bacteria

A

tuberculosis, food poisoning, cholera

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8
Q

where are the good mutualistic bacteria located?

A

in the colon of the large intestine

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9
Q

mutualism

A

when two organisms live in close association and both of them benefit from the arrangement

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10
Q

the good stuff mutualistic bacteria do 4

A
  • help digestion
  • produce vit B and K
  • prevent bad bacteria
  • boost immune system by keeping bad bacteria under control
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11
Q

define probiotics

A

bacteria that improve human health

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12
Q

other good stuff bacteria does

A
  • decompose dead plants and animals
  • help recycle carbon and nitrogen
  • used to produce antibiotics
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13
Q

diseases caused by fungi

A

athlete’s foot, ringworm

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14
Q

good uses of fungi

A
  • help recycle carbon and nitrogen
  • provide cholesterol-lowering medicine, and medicine to help prevent rejection of transplants
  • antibiotics are based on chemicals produced by fungi
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15
Q

how does pickling prevent food spoilage

A

the acid of the vinegar kills microorganisms

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16
Q

how does salting and syrup prevent food spoilage

A

the salt or sugar draws water out of the microorganisms so they die

17
Q

safety when using agar plates

A

after using, place in an incubator at 120C for 30 mins. then put in general waste bin.
Because some of microoganisms that grow can be disease causing