The Origins Of Psychology

Question 1

What happened in 1879

Answer 1

Wundt opened first experimental psychology laboratory

Question 2

What happened in 1900

Answer 2

Freud established psychodynamic approach - shown importance of unconscious mind on behaviour

Question 3

What happened in 1913

Answer 3

Watson and skinner made behaviourist approach - all behaviour is learnt and psychology’s should only be interested in observable behaviours

Question 4

What happened in the 1950’s

Answer 4

Roger’s and Maslow developed humanist approach - reject behaviourist and psychodynamic rather emphasise importance of free will to understand whole person

Question 5

What happened in the 1960’s

Answer 5

Cognitive approach emerged - studying mental processes and make inferences on how mind works based on labatory experiment

Question 6

What happened in the 1980’s

Answer 6

The biological approach - eg brain scans

Question 7

What happened in the 2000’s

Answer 7

Cognitive neuroscience - bring together cognitive and biological approach. How biological structures influence mental states

Question 8

What is introspection (Wundt’s technique to structuralism)

Answer 8

Means looking into and is process in which person examines their inner world by consciously observing their thoughts and actions. He controlled the stimuli (images or sounds) and tasks(description of their emotions)

Question 9

Why did Watson and skinner critique Wundt

Answer 9

They said his empirical (observed/ experienced) methods were subjective so couldn’t generalise the research

Question 10

What do cognitive psychologists do

Answer 10

Draw conclusions about cognitive processes based on human behaviour in lab experiments

Question 11

What is biological approach

Answer 11

Using sophisticated technology (brain scan, pet scan) to understand structure and function of the brain. Making objective observations allowing them to refine their theories

Question 12

What is biological approach

Answer 12

Using sophisticated technology (brain scan, pet scan) to understand structure and function of the brain. Making objective observations allowing them to refine their theories

Question 13

Why has psychology become more scientific

Answer 13

Modernisation of methods

Question 14

Idiographic (Wundt)

Answer 14

An approach to research that focuses on understanding the unique experience of individuals or specific cases

Question 15

What is nomothetic(cognitive and behaviourist)

Answer 15

Discovery of general scientific laws

Question 16

Wundts approach

Answer 16

Structuralism (study the structure of the mind and break down behaviours such as sensation and perception)

Question 17

Positive evaluation of wundts methods

Answer 17

Introspection is still useful in scientific psychology (as a way of making happiness a measurable phenomenon by getting teens to write down their emotions as buzzer goes off, clearly understand how things affect emotions)

Question 18

What did Wundt believe

Answer 18

Higher mental processes couldn’t be studied in a strict manner- must use introspection