analysis of psychodynamic approach and Oedipus complex Flashcards
what is the Oedipus complex
-in phallic stage, boys develop incestuous feelings for their mother and hatred for their rival for love (father)
-fearing father will castrate them, repress their emotions for their mother and identify with fathers gender roles and moral values
what case study supported Oedipus complex
-Little Hans (5 yrs old)
-developed phobia of horses after seeing one collapse in street
-phobia form of displacement of fear of father, horses were symbolic of unconscious fear of castration
what is the Electra complex
-in phallic stage, girls develop penis envy
-desire for father -as penis is primary love object- and hate mother
-over time give up desire for their father and replace with desire for baby whilst identifying with the mother
research method Freud mostly used
-case studies
+ unique insight
+ecological validity
-cant generalise
who did Freud mostly examine
-his case studies were mostly patients which he used for psychoanalysis
psychoanalysis
-aim to bring unconscious to conscious to release anxiety
-Freud would listen to and interpret words as he believed unconscious bubbles through their speech
negatives for psychoanalysis
-causes undue destress
-as its unconscious “ice burg” we cant access it, cant talk about it just because someone says to
-self report (might lie due to denial) so lack validity
techniques in psychoanalysis
-free association
-dream interpretation
what is dream interpretation
-analysis of latent (underlying/ hidden meaning) content of manifest (what was remembered from dream) content
what is free association
express immediate (unconscious) thoughts as they happen e.g. what you see first in pic
what is repression
-done by unconscious to protect us
note about displacement
-on a neutral or innocent object/person
-anger is transferred
-unable to express true feelings onto cause
negative of psychoanalysis approach (equality)
-gender- biased approach
-view of women and female sexuality less well developed than males
-lead psychologists such as Horney to criticise Freud’s views on women and development
-dismissing women problematic because he treated so many females as well as how influential his theories still are
negative of psychoanalysis (c-b)
-culture biased
-sue and sue (2008) argued psychoanalysis has little relevance for people in non-western cultures
-many cultures don’t value insight in the same way as western (freeing traumatic memories helps deal with issues)
-e.g. in china, person who is depressed avoids thoughts that cause distress rather than willing to discuss openly
positive of psychoanalysis (support)
-many psychs claim no scientific evidence for psychoanalysis and claims are not falsifiable
-but claims of psychoanalysis have been tested to be confirmed using scientific methodology
-Fisher and Greenberg (1996) summarised 2,500 studies, concluding experimental studies of psychoanalysis compare well with studies relevant to any other major area of psychology
-their support adds scientific credibility to psychoanalytic explanations