analysis of psychodynamic approach and Oedipus complex Flashcards

1
Q

what is the Oedipus complex

A

-in phallic stage, boys develop incestuous feelings for their mother and hatred for their rival for love (father)
-fearing father will castrate them, repress their emotions for their mother and identify with fathers gender roles and moral values

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2
Q

what case study supported Oedipus complex

A

-Little Hans (5 yrs old)
-developed phobia of horses after seeing one collapse in street
-phobia form of displacement of fear of father, horses were symbolic of unconscious fear of castration

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3
Q

what is the Electra complex

A

-in phallic stage, girls develop penis envy
-desire for father -as penis is primary love object- and hate mother
-over time give up desire for their father and replace with desire for baby whilst identifying with the mother

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4
Q

research method Freud mostly used

A

-case studies
+ unique insight
+ecological validity
-cant generalise

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5
Q

who did Freud mostly examine

A

-his case studies were mostly patients which he used for psychoanalysis

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6
Q

psychoanalysis

A

-aim to bring unconscious to conscious to release anxiety
-Freud would listen to and interpret words as he believed unconscious bubbles through their speech

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7
Q

negatives for psychoanalysis

A

-causes undue destress
-as its unconscious “ice burg” we cant access it, cant talk about it just because someone says to
-self report (might lie due to denial) so lack validity

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8
Q

techniques in psychoanalysis

A

-free association
-dream interpretation

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9
Q

what is dream interpretation

A

-analysis of latent (underlying/ hidden meaning) content of manifest (what was remembered from dream) content

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10
Q

what is free association

A

express immediate (unconscious) thoughts as they happen e.g. what you see first in pic

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11
Q

what is repression

A

-done by unconscious to protect us

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12
Q

note about displacement

A

-on a neutral or innocent object/person
-anger is transferred
-unable to express true feelings onto cause

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13
Q

negative of psychoanalysis approach (equality)

A

-gender- biased approach
-view of women and female sexuality less well developed than males
-lead psychologists such as Horney to criticise Freud’s views on women and development
-dismissing women problematic because he treated so many females as well as how influential his theories still are

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14
Q

negative of psychoanalysis (c-b)

A

-culture biased
-sue and sue (2008) argued psychoanalysis has little relevance for people in non-western cultures
-many cultures don’t value insight in the same way as western (freeing traumatic memories helps deal with issues)
-e.g. in china, person who is depressed avoids thoughts that cause distress rather than willing to discuss openly

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15
Q

positive of psychoanalysis (support)

A

-many psychs claim no scientific evidence for psychoanalysis and claims are not falsifiable
-but claims of psychoanalysis have been tested to be confirmed using scientific methodology
-Fisher and Greenberg (1996) summarised 2,500 studies, concluding experimental studies of psychoanalysis compare well with studies relevant to any other major area of psychology
-their support adds scientific credibility to psychoanalytic explanations

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16
Q

positive of psychoanalysis (new way of understanding)

A

-a pioneering approach to understanding human behaviour
-suggested new methodological procedures for gathering evidence (case studies)
-development of approach based on observations rather than introspection
-From observations, Freud can demonstrate potential of psychological (rather than biological) treatments to depression, etc
-lead to successful treatment
-e.g. de Maat et al (2009)- large scale review of psychotherapy studies shown psychoanalysis produced big improvements in symptoms that were maintained in the years after treatment

17
Q

weaknesses of psychoanalysis (lots of small ones)

A

-case studies mostly of adults with emotional disorders
-psychoanalytic therapy difficult to evaluate due to long time it takes its possible (litch months) that individuals recover bc time
-androcentric, takes male discoveries and applies to females

18
Q

positives of psychoanalysis (lots of small ones)`

A

-draws attention to importance of childhood experiences and was first approach to say that people cant treat children badly
-unique insight to human behaviour- unconscious motivation gained widespread support
-theory is still in modern day society (talk therapy)