Peer review and implications on economy

Question 1

What does peer review involve

Answer 1

-All aspects of written investigation being scrutinised
-small groups of 2/3 experts in particular field which should be unknown and objective review

Question 2

Aim of peer review (allocation)

Answer 2

-to allocate research funding, decide weather the project is worthwhile

Question 3

Aim of peer review (validate)

Answer 3

-validate quality and relevance
-all assessed on quality and accuracy
-such as methodology, statistical tests, conclusions etc

Question 4

Aim of peer review (suggestion)

Answer 4

-suggest amendments or improvements
-suggest minor revisions
-in extreme cases withdraw experiment

Question 5

Evaluation- anonymity

Answer 5

-minority of reviews use this criticise rival researchers
-in comp for funding w gov
-use open reviewing instead

Question 6

Evaluation of PR- burying groundbreaking research

Answer 6

-especially critical of views that contradict own
-findings that are similar to current research more likely to be passed than new research which challenges established order
-slows down rate of change in scientific disciplines

Question 7

Evaluation of PR- publication bias

Answer 7

-publishers only want to produce “headline grabbing” data and positive data
-research that doesn’t meet this criteria is ignored or disregarded

Question 8

What does it mean by implications on economy

Answer 8

How does what we learn from psych research influence affect and benefit (or devalue) our financial prosperity

Question 9

Examples of effects on economy

Answer 9

-recommence work
-less likely to relapse
-reduce need for incapacity benefits

Question 10

Example of benefit on economy- memory

Answer 10

-Fisher et al research (1989)
-16 experienced detectives recorded interviews in 2 group, A is cognitive and B is standard interview
-cognitive interviews elicited 46% more info
-improve accuracy of eyewitness testimony recall
-reduce wasted money on wrongful arrests Court hearings and questioning
-save criminal justice system money

Question 11

Example of benefit to economy- attachment

Answer 11

-belsky et al (2009)
-males who report higher levels or marital intimacy also displayed secure father figure
-suggests males can form attachment to children
-shows both mothers and fathers equally capable of child rearing
-allows mother to return to work free of guilt and contribute to economy

Question 12

Example of benefit to economy- psychopathology

Answer 12

Soomiro et al (2008)
-examined effects of SSRI’s and found they were more affective than placebo
-help restore quality of life and less time off work
-NHS save money