The Oral Cavity

Question 1

Where is the infra temporal fossa?

Answer 1

under the ramus of mandible and zygomatic arch

Question 2

Where are the teeth located?

Answer 2

Alveolar process of maxilla and mandible

Question 3

What kind of joint is a tooth?

Answer 3

Gomphoses

Question 4

Where is the pterygopalatine fossa?

Answer 4

Medial to infra temporal fossa

Question 5

What holes are in the infra temporal fossa?

Answer 5

Pterygopalatine fossa, inferior orbital fissure and foremen ovale

Question 6

What nerve is in the myohyoid sulcus?

Answer 6

Nerve to myohyoid

Question 7

Where is the myohyoid line and what attaches there?

Answer 7

Below gums, myohyoid

Question 8

How does the jaw move when it opens?

Answer 8

Forward out of mandibular fossa to articular tubercle

Question 9

What ligaments are responsible for changing center of rotation when jaw opens and closes?

Answer 9

Sphenomandibular and stylomandibular

Question 10

Where is the body vs the ramus of the mandible?

Answer 10

Ramus is the side above the angle and body is below the teeth from angle

Question 11

How does the center of rotation of the mandible change when opening the mouth and why?

Answer 11

Changes from tmj to angle to open mouth wider

Question 12

What kind of muscle is massater?

Answer 12

Pennate

Question 13

What type of muscle creates more force but less range?

Answer 13

Pennate

Question 14

What type of muscle creates less force but more range?

Answer 14

Longitudinal

Question 15

Why do we change the center of rotation when opening mouth?

Answer 15

Increase range without decreasing force

Question 16

What are the superficial closers?

Answer 16

Temporalis and massater

Question 17

What does the medial pterygoid muscle do?

Answer 17

Close jaw, keeps jaw center by pulling medially

Question 18

What does the lateral pterygoid muscle do?

Answer 18

Opens jaw, pulls jaw forward to help change center of rotation

Question 19

Which mouth muscle is the complement of the masseter?

Answer 19

Medial pterygoid

Question 20

What are the deep openers of the mouth?

Answer 20

Mylohyoid, digastric and geniohyoid

Question 21

How is mylohyoid and anterior digastric innervated?

Answer 21

Trigeminal

Question 22

How is posterior belly innervated?

Answer 22

Facial

Question 23

How is geniohyoid innervated?

Answer 23

Hypoglossal

Question 24

What are the main functions of the oral cavity?

Answer 24

Mastication and respiration

Question 25

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity?

Answer 25

Palates, mylohyoid, epiglottis and teeth

Question 26

Which teeth are wisdom teeth?

Answer 26

Third molar

Question 27

How many teeth do adults have?

Answer 27

32

Question 28

How many teeth do children have?

Answer 28

20

Question 29

How many of each tooth do we have in each quadrant?

Answer 29

2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars and 3 molars

Question 30

Where is the root of the tooth?

Answer 30

Within alveolar process

Question 31

What part of the tooth is avascular?

Answer 31

Enamel

Question 32

What part of the tooth is living tissue?

Answer 32

Dentin

Question 33

What part of the tooth is the neurovasculature located in?

Answer 33

Pulp cavity

Question 34

What travels in the mandibular canal?

Answer 34

Inferior alveolar artery

Question 35

Where is the palatine tonsil located?

Answer 35

Between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal

Question 36

What makes up 2/3 of the hard palate?

Answer 36

Palatine and alveolar process of maxilla

Question 37

What makes up 1/3 of the hard palate?

Answer 37

Horizontal and perpendicular plates of palatine

Question 38

what 2 bones make up the hard palate?

Answer 38

maxilla and pallatine

Question 39

what is the soft palate comprised of?

Answer 39

palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, tensor veli palatini, pterygomandibular raphe and pterygoid hamulus

Question 40

what makes up the palatal folds or pillars?

Answer 40

palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal

Question 41

what is the median sulcus?

Answer 41

line down center of tongue

Question 42

what is the terminal sulcus and what does it do?

Answer 42

groove behind valate papillae, separates innervation

Question 43

what innervates poster 1/3 of tongue?

Answer 43

vagus and glossopharyngeal

Question 44

what innervates anterior 2/3 of tongue?

Answer 44

facial and trigeminal

Question 45

what is valate papillae innervated by?

Answer 45

glossopharyngeal

Question 46

what are the intrinsic tongue muscles?

Answer 46

superior and inferior longitudinal muscle, vertical and transverse muscle

Question 47

what does superior and inferior longitudinal do?

Answer 47

shortens or curls tongue

Question 48

what does vertical and transverse do?

Answer 48

flatten or elongate tongue

Question 49

what lies after linguals nerve and vein but before lingual artery?

Answer 49

hypoglossal nerve and muscle

Question 50

what are the steps of chewing?

Answer 50

incise puncture or crush true mastication

Question 51

what happens during the puncture or crush step?

Answer 51

initial mastication, bilateral but mostly vertical

Question 52

what happens during the true mastication step?

Answer 52

increasing horizontal chew strokes focused on one side

Question 53

what are the sides of the jaw during chewing and what do they do?

Answer 53

balancing side moves, working side holds food

Question 54

what is the purpose of sensory nerves in jaw and teeth?

Answer 54

allow reflex to prevent breaking tooth from hard object

Question 55

what bony structures are in the pterygopalatine fossa?

Answer 55

foramen rotundum, sphenopalatine foramen, maxillapterygoid fissure

Question 56

where is the maxillapterygoid fissure?

Answer 56

between maxilla and pterygoid plates

Question 57

what is in the maxillapterygoid fissure?

Answer 57

greater and lesser palatine nerves

Question 58

what separates mandibular condyle from coronoid process?

Answer 58

mandibular notch

Question 59

where does the mandible articulate with the skull?

Answer 59

condyle

Question 60

how does the inferior alveolar VAN reach teeth to supply them?

Answer 60

mandibular canal

Question 61

what are the borders of the infratemporal foosa?

Answer 61

styloid process posteriorly and zygomatic arch as roof

Question 62

what is the TMJ composed of?

Answer 62

lateral and medial TMJ ligament, sphenomandibular ligament and stylomandibular ligament

Question 63

what is the articular tubercle?

Answer 63

where mandibular notch is when jaw is open (at rest sits in infratemporal fossa)

Question 64

what is cementum?

Answer 64

holds teeth in place

Question 65

describe primadoria of the tongue

Answer 65

Branchial Arches 1 and 2 form the ‘visceral’ part of the body of the tongue Branchial Arches 3 and 4 form the ’visceral’ and some muscular parts of the root of the tongue Migrating Somites: Somites from the upper neck migrate in to provide all the major musculature of the tongue