The Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the infra temporal fossa?

A

under the ramus of mandible and zygomatic arch

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2
Q

Where are the teeth located?

A

Alveolar process of maxilla and mandible

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3
Q

What kind of joint is a tooth?

A

Gomphoses

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4
Q

Where is the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

Medial to infra temporal fossa

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5
Q

What holes are in the infra temporal fossa?

A

Pterygopalatine fossa, inferior orbital fissure and foremen ovale

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6
Q

What nerve is in the myohyoid sulcus?

A

Nerve to myohyoid

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7
Q

Where is the myohyoid line and what attaches there?

A

Below gums, myohyoid

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8
Q

How does the jaw move when it opens?

A

Forward out of mandibular fossa to articular tubercle

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9
Q

What ligaments are responsible for changing center of rotation when jaw opens and closes?

A

Sphenomandibular and stylomandibular

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10
Q

Where is the body vs the ramus of the mandible?

A

Ramus is the side above the angle and body is below the teeth from angle

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11
Q

How does the center of rotation of the mandible change when opening the mouth and why?

A

Changes from tmj to angle to open mouth wider

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12
Q

What kind of muscle is massater?

A

Pennate

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13
Q

What type of muscle creates more force but less range?

A

Pennate

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14
Q

What type of muscle creates less force but more range?

A

Longitudinal

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15
Q

Why do we change the center of rotation when opening mouth?

A

Increase range without decreasing force

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16
Q

What are the superficial closers?

A

Temporalis and massater

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17
Q

What does the medial pterygoid muscle do?

A

Close jaw, keeps jaw center by pulling medially

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18
Q

What does the lateral pterygoid muscle do?

A

Opens jaw, pulls jaw forward to help change center of rotation

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19
Q

Which mouth muscle is the complement of the masseter?

A

Medial pterygoid

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20
Q

What are the deep openers of the mouth?

A

Mylohyoid, digastric and geniohyoid

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21
Q

How is mylohyoid and anterior digastric innervated?

A

Trigeminal

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22
Q

How is posterior belly innervated?

A

Facial

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23
Q

How is geniohyoid innervated?

A

Hypoglossal

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24
Q

What are the main functions of the oral cavity?

A

Mastication and respiration

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25
Q

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity?

A

Palates, mylohyoid, epiglottis and teeth

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26
Q

Which teeth are wisdom teeth?

A

Third molar

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27
Q

How many teeth do adults have?

A

32

28
Q

How many teeth do children have?

A

20

29
Q

How many of each tooth do we have in each quadrant?

A

2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars and 3 molars

30
Q

Where is the root of the tooth?

A

Within alveolar process

31
Q

What part of the tooth is avascular?

A

Enamel

32
Q

What part of the tooth is living tissue?

A

Dentin

33
Q

What part of the tooth is the neurovasculature located in?

A

Pulp cavity

34
Q

What travels in the mandibular canal?

A

Inferior alveolar artery

35
Q

Where is the palatine tonsil located?

A

Between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal

36
Q

What makes up 2/3 of the hard palate?

A

Palatine and alveolar process of maxilla

37
Q

What makes up 1/3 of the hard palate?

A

Horizontal and perpendicular plates of palatine

38
Q

what 2 bones make up the hard palate?

A

maxilla and pallatine

39
Q

what is the soft palate comprised of?

A

palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, tensor veli palatini, pterygomandibular raphe and pterygoid hamulus

40
Q

what makes up the palatal folds or pillars?

A

palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal

41
Q

what is the median sulcus?

A

line down center of tongue

42
Q

what is the terminal sulcus and what does it do?

A

groove behind valate papillae, separates innervation

43
Q

what innervates poster 1/3 of tongue?

A

vagus and glossopharyngeal

44
Q

what innervates anterior 2/3 of tongue?

A

facial and trigeminal

45
Q

what is valate papillae innervated by?

A

glossopharyngeal

46
Q

what are the intrinsic tongue muscles?

A

superior and inferior longitudinal muscle, vertical and transverse muscle

47
Q

what does superior and inferior longitudinal do?

A

shortens or curls tongue

48
Q

what does vertical and transverse do?

A

flatten or elongate tongue

49
Q

what lies after linguals nerve and vein but before lingual artery?

A

hypoglossal nerve and muscle

50
Q

what are the steps of chewing?

A

incise
puncture or crush
true mastication

51
Q

what happens during the puncture or crush step?

A

initial mastication, bilateral but mostly vertical

52
Q

what happens during the true mastication step?

A

increasing horizontal chew strokes focused on one side

53
Q

what are the sides of the jaw during chewing and what do they do?

A

balancing side moves, working side holds food

54
Q

what is the purpose of sensory nerves in jaw and teeth?

A

allow reflex to prevent breaking tooth from hard object

55
Q

what bony structures are in the pterygopalatine fossa?

A

foramen rotundum, sphenopalatine foramen, maxillapterygoid fissure

56
Q

where is the maxillapterygoid fissure?

A

between maxilla and pterygoid plates

57
Q

what is in the maxillapterygoid fissure?

A

greater and lesser palatine nerves

58
Q

what separates mandibular condyle from coronoid process?

A

mandibular notch

59
Q

where does the mandible articulate with the skull?

A

condyle

60
Q

how does the inferior alveolar VAN reach teeth to supply them?

A

mandibular canal

61
Q

what are the borders of the infratemporal foosa?

A

styloid process posteriorly and zygomatic arch as roof

62
Q

what is the TMJ composed of?

A

lateral and medial TMJ ligament, sphenomandibular ligament and stylomandibular ligament

63
Q

what is the articular tubercle?

A

where mandibular notch is when jaw is open (at rest sits in infratemporal fossa)

64
Q

what is cementum?

A

holds teeth in place

65
Q

describe primadoria of the tongue

A

Branchial Arches 1 and 2 form the ‘visceral’ part of the body of the tongue
Branchial Arches 3 and 4 form the ’visceral’ and some muscular parts of the root of the tongue
Migrating Somites: Somites from the upper neck migrate in to provide all the major musculature of the tongue