The Oral Cavity Flashcards
Where is the infra temporal fossa?
under the ramus of mandible and zygomatic arch
Where are the teeth located?
Alveolar process of maxilla and mandible
What kind of joint is a tooth?
Gomphoses
Where is the pterygopalatine fossa?
Medial to infra temporal fossa
What holes are in the infra temporal fossa?
Pterygopalatine fossa, inferior orbital fissure and foremen ovale
What nerve is in the myohyoid sulcus?
Nerve to myohyoid
Where is the myohyoid line and what attaches there?
Below gums, myohyoid
How does the jaw move when it opens?
Forward out of mandibular fossa to articular tubercle
What ligaments are responsible for changing center of rotation when jaw opens and closes?
Sphenomandibular and stylomandibular
Where is the body vs the ramus of the mandible?
Ramus is the side above the angle and body is below the teeth from angle
How does the center of rotation of the mandible change when opening the mouth and why?
Changes from tmj to angle to open mouth wider
What kind of muscle is massater?
Pennate
What type of muscle creates more force but less range?
Pennate
What type of muscle creates less force but more range?
Longitudinal
Why do we change the center of rotation when opening mouth?
Increase range without decreasing force
What are the superficial closers?
Temporalis and massater
What does the medial pterygoid muscle do?
Close jaw, keeps jaw center by pulling medially
What does the lateral pterygoid muscle do?
Opens jaw, pulls jaw forward to help change center of rotation
Which mouth muscle is the complement of the masseter?
Medial pterygoid
What are the deep openers of the mouth?
Mylohyoid, digastric and geniohyoid
How is mylohyoid and anterior digastric innervated?
Trigeminal
How is posterior belly innervated?
Facial
How is geniohyoid innervated?
Hypoglossal
What are the main functions of the oral cavity?
Mastication and respiration
What are the boundaries of the oral cavity?
Palates, mylohyoid, epiglottis and teeth
Which teeth are wisdom teeth?
Third molar
How many teeth do adults have?
32
How many teeth do children have?
20
How many of each tooth do we have in each quadrant?
2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars and 3 molars
Where is the root of the tooth?
Within alveolar process
What part of the tooth is avascular?
Enamel
What part of the tooth is living tissue?
Dentin
What part of the tooth is the neurovasculature located in?
Pulp cavity
What travels in the mandibular canal?
Inferior alveolar artery
Where is the palatine tonsil located?
Between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal
What makes up 2/3 of the hard palate?
Palatine and alveolar process of maxilla
What makes up 1/3 of the hard palate?
Horizontal and perpendicular plates of palatine
what 2 bones make up the hard palate?
maxilla and pallatine
what is the soft palate comprised of?
palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, tensor veli palatini, pterygomandibular raphe and pterygoid hamulus
what makes up the palatal folds or pillars?
palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal
what is the median sulcus?
line down center of tongue
what is the terminal sulcus and what does it do?
groove behind valate papillae, separates innervation
what innervates poster 1/3 of tongue?
vagus and glossopharyngeal
what innervates anterior 2/3 of tongue?
facial and trigeminal
what is valate papillae innervated by?
glossopharyngeal
what are the intrinsic tongue muscles?
superior and inferior longitudinal muscle, vertical and transverse muscle
what does superior and inferior longitudinal do?
shortens or curls tongue
what does vertical and transverse do?
flatten or elongate tongue
what lies after linguals nerve and vein but before lingual artery?
hypoglossal nerve and muscle
what are the steps of chewing?
incise
puncture or crush
true mastication
what happens during the puncture or crush step?
initial mastication, bilateral but mostly vertical
what happens during the true mastication step?
increasing horizontal chew strokes focused on one side
what are the sides of the jaw during chewing and what do they do?
balancing side moves, working side holds food
what is the purpose of sensory nerves in jaw and teeth?
allow reflex to prevent breaking tooth from hard object
what bony structures are in the pterygopalatine fossa?
foramen rotundum, sphenopalatine foramen, maxillapterygoid fissure
where is the maxillapterygoid fissure?
between maxilla and pterygoid plates
what is in the maxillapterygoid fissure?
greater and lesser palatine nerves
what separates mandibular condyle from coronoid process?
mandibular notch
where does the mandible articulate with the skull?
condyle
how does the inferior alveolar VAN reach teeth to supply them?
mandibular canal
what are the borders of the infratemporal foosa?
styloid process posteriorly and zygomatic arch as roof
what is the TMJ composed of?
lateral and medial TMJ ligament, sphenomandibular ligament and stylomandibular ligament
what is the articular tubercle?
where mandibular notch is when jaw is open (at rest sits in infratemporal fossa)
what is cementum?
holds teeth in place
describe primadoria of the tongue
Branchial Arches 1 and 2 form the ‘visceral’ part of the body of the tongue
Branchial Arches 3 and 4 form the ’visceral’ and some muscular parts of the root of the tongue
Migrating Somites: Somites from the upper neck migrate in to provide all the major musculature of the tongue
