Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Head and Neck Anatomy > Nose and Pharynx > Flashcards

Nose and Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

what part of amphioxus will eventually develop the olfactory nerve?

A

kolliker’s pit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

kolliker’s pit descends down to where in mammals?

A

mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are unique mammalian behaviors?

A

suckling and chewing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why are suckling and chewing uniquely mammalian behaviors>

A

because they require muscles of facial expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does the palate do?

A

separate nasal and oral cavity, allowing us to use our mouth and breathe through nose simultaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

are palates present in reptiles?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the opening for the nose?

A

choana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what bone is important for the nasal cavity?

A

vomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what makes up the bony part of the nasal cavity?

A

vomer and ethmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where is the uncinate process?

A

bottom of middle nasal conchae on lateral plate of ethmoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what do the middle and inferior nasal conchae do to air inhaled?

A

spin air to moisturize and warm it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is located underneath the middle nasal conchae?

A

semilunar hiatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is the nose vascularized?

A

hypervascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where does nasal cavity get vascular supply from?

A

maxillary artery (main), opthalamic artey and facial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where does anterior ethmoid supply and where does it branch from?

A

front of nose, opthalamic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the sphenopalatine foramen open into what part of the nose?

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what carotid does nose get supply from?

A

external and internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where does the back of the nose get its supply from?

A

sphenopalatine artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

describe the olfactory nerves

A

found in top part of nose, drape onto conchae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how many odors does a single olfactory cell detect?

A

1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how many olfactory receptor cells are there and how many are active?

A

1200, 350

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what odors are detected by pain receptors in trigeminal?

A

ammonia, menthol, chlorine and capsacian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how long do olfactory cells live for?

A

60-90 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are olfactory cells embedded in?

A

olfactory mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what transfers smell information to the brain?

A

olfactory bulb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

how many olfactory receptor cells communicate with the olfactory bulb in humans?

A

12 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

how many olfactory cells communicate with the olfactory bulb in rats, dogs and bloodhounds?

A

15 million, 1 billion, 4 billion

28
Q

what happens every hour during the nasal cycle?

A

inner lining of nostril alternates swelling allowing the other to rest

29
Q

larger and slower odors are usually more easily captured by which nostril?

A

closed

30
Q

faster and lighter odors are usually captured by which nostril?

A

open

31
Q

where does mastoid sinus drain?

A

into ear

32
Q

where does maxillary sinus drain?

A

up into nose

33
Q

what is the purpose of the paranasal sinuses?

A

don’t have one, are probably a product of the way chondrocranium grows

34
Q

what helps to sweep mucosa uphill?

A

cilia

35
Q

what does the lacrimal duct drain into?

A

inferior nasal meatus

36
Q

what drains into the middle nasal meatus?

A

frontal sinus, maxillary sinus, anterior and middle ethmoidal air cells

37
Q

what do the posterior ethmoidal air cells drain into?

A

superior nasal meatus

38
Q

what does the sphenoid sinus drain into?

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

39
Q

what are the 3 divisions of the pharynx?

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx

40
Q

what does the middle pharyngeal constrictor cover?

A

hyoid

41
Q

what does the inferior pharyngeal constrictor cover?

A

thyroid

42
Q

how does the ear vent into the pharynx?

A

through the eustachin tube

43
Q

the larynx and below the oropharynx is innervated by what?

A

vagus

44
Q

what part of the pharynx is innervated by glossopharyngeal?

A

top of epiglottis to back of oropharynx

45
Q

what is the most important function of the pharynx?

A

swallowing and second is passing air to larynx

46
Q

what is the first step of swallowing?

A

intrinsic tongue muscles create a trough and propel bolus posteriorly, floor of mouth and hyoid elevate to assist this

47
Q

what is the second step of swallowing?

A

soft palate moves superiorly to shut off passage to nasopharynx and epiglottis slightly bends over opening of larynx

48
Q

what is the third step of swallowing?

A

pharynx and larynx elevate as bolus enters oropharynx

49
Q

what is the fourth step of swallowing?

A

pharyngeal constrictors squeeze bolus inferiorly into esophagus

50
Q

what is a risk that humans face to allow for talking?

A

choking

51
Q

newborns do not choke because of what?

A

high larynx that descends with age

52
Q

in newborns, what makes contact with the soft palate?

A

epiglottis

53
Q

almost all speech is derived from what quantal vowels?

A

a, i u

54
Q

how is the tongue positioned when making the eee or i sound?

A

tongue is towards front and top

55
Q

how is the pharynx shaped during the eee or i sound?

A

narrow in front and wide in back

56
Q

how is the tongue positioned when making the aaa sound?

A

tongue is low and towards back

57
Q

how is the pharynx shaped when making the aaa sound?

A

narrow back

58
Q

what is position of the tongue when making the ooo sound?

A

tongue is towards the top middle

59
Q

what is the shape of the pharynx when making the ooo sound?

A

narrow top back of mouth

60
Q

what is the semilunar hiatus?

A

openings of frontal, maxillary and anterior ethmoidal sinuses

61
Q

describe paranasal sinuses

A

mucosa lined bony sacs that grow as we age

62
Q

what travels in the gap above the superior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

palatal muscle

63
Q

what travels in the gap above the middle pharyngeal constrictor?

A

stylopharyngeus, stylohyoid ligament and glossopharyngeal

64
Q

what travels in the gap above the inferior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

superior laryngeal and superior thyroid artery

65
Q

what nerve is responsible for the gag reflex?

A

glossopharyngeal

66
Q

what pharyngeal constrictors are the most responsible for swallowing?

A

superior and middle

Head and Neck Anatomy (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions