the oesophagus

Question 1

THE OESOPHAGUS CAN BE DESCRIBED AS A _____ MUSCULAR ____

Answer 1

STRONG MUSCULAR TUBE

Question 2

WHAT ARE THE THREE PARTS OF THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 2

CX
TX
ABDOMINAL

Question 3

WHAT IS THE SYMPATHETIC SUPPLY TO THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 3

T1-5

Question 4

WHAT IS THE PARASYMPATHETIC SUPPLY TO THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 4

CN X

Question 5

WHERE DOES THE OESOPHAGUS EXTEND BETWEEN

Answer 5

PHARYNX AND STOMACH

Question 6

WHAT IS THE APPROXIMATE LENGTH AND DIAMETER OF THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 6

25CM LONG
2CM DIAMATER

Question 7

IS THE OESOPHAGUS COLLAPSED WHEN NOT INVOLVES UN FOOD PROPULSION

Answer 7

YES

Question 8

WHAT INITIATES REFLEX PERISTALSIS IN THE INFERIOR 2/3 OF THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 8

FOOD BOLUS

Question 9

WHAT ARE THE TWO PHASES OF DEGLUTITION

Answer 9

BUCCAL PHASE
PHARYNGEAL/OESOPHAGEAL PHASE

Question 10

IS THE BUCCAL PHASE OF DEGLUTITION VOLUNTARY OR INVOLUNTARY

Answer 10

VOLUNTARY

Question 11

IS THE PHARYNGEAL/OESOPHAGEAL PHASE VOLUNTARY OR INVOLUNTARY

Answer 11

INVOLUNTARY

Question 12

WHAT EPITHELIUM LINES THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 12

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

Question 13

AT WHAT POINT in the oesophagus DOES THE EPITHELIUM CHANGE TO SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

Answer 13

GASTROOESOPHAGEAL JUNCTION

Question 14

WHAT IS IN THE SUBMUCOSA OF THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 14

MUCOUS SECRETING GLANDS

Question 15

WHAT TYPES OF MUSCLE ARE PRESENT IN EACH THIRD OF THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 15

SUP 1/3 SKELETAL
MID 1/3 SKELETAL AND SMOOTH
INF 1/3 SMOOTH

Question 16

WHAT IS THE PARASYMPATHETIC INNERVATION OF THE UPPER 1/2 OF THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 16

RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE (CNX)

Question 17

WHAT IS THE NERVE SUPPLY TO THE LOWER PART OF THE OESOPHAGUS

Answer 17

ENTERIC NS
AUTONOMIC NS
PARASYMP = CN X
SYMP = CPSN, APSN
VISCERAL AFFERENTS

Question 18

WHAT REINFORCES THE LOWER OESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER EXTRINSICALLY

Answer 18

DIAPHRAGM

Question 19

THE LOWER OESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER IS A THICKENING OF THE ______ MUSCLE LAYER

Answer 19

CIRCULAR

Question 20

WHAT KIND OF SPHINCTER IS THE LOWER OESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER

Answer 20

FUNCTIONAL SPHINCTER

Question 21

WHAT ARE THREE ANATOMIC FEATURES THAT PREVENT GORD

Answer 21

OESOPHAGUS MEETS STOMACH AT AN ACUTE ANGLE
THICKENED CIRCULAR MM
EXTRINSIC SUPPORT FROM DIAPHRAGM AT T10

Question 22

WHAT KEEPS THE STOMACH CONTENTS CONTAINED WHEN INVERTED

Answer 22

PERISTALSIS IS UNIDIRECTIONAL
EXTRINSIC SUPPORT OF THE LOS BY THE DIAPHRAGM

Question 23

WHAT IS BARETS MUCOSA

Answer 23

WHEN STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM IS REPLACED BY SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM IN AN ATTEMPT TO PROTECT THE OESOPHAGUS FOLLOWING LONG TERM EXPOSURE TO HCL

Question 24

WHAT IS THE DANGER OF BARRETS MUCOSA

Answer 24

WHILST IT IS A GOOD SHORT TERM SOLUTION, IY IS CONSIDERED A PRE-MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION