peptic ulcer disease

Question 1

WHAT ARE THE 4 TYPES OF GASTRIC GLAND CELLS

Answer 1

MUCOUS CELLS, PARIETAL CELLS
CHIEF CELLS
ENTEROENDOCHRINE CELLS

Question 2

WHAT DO PARIETAL CELLS SECRETE AND PRODUCE

Answer 2

SECRETE HCL
PRODUCE INTRINSIC FACTOR

Question 3

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF INTRINSIC FACTOR

Answer 3

ABSORBTION OF VIT B12 IN THE TERMINAL ILEUM

Question 4

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF VIT B12

Answer 4

RBC SYNTHESIS
DNA SYNTHESIS
NEURAL TISSUE HEALTH

Question 5

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF CHIEF CELLS

Answer 5

PRODUCE PEPSINOGEN AND GASTRIC LIPASE FOR DIGESTION

Question 6

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF ENTEROENDOCHRINE CELLS

Answer 6

SECRETE GASTRIN
HISTAMINE AND SEROTONIN

Question 7

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GASTRIN

Answer 7

CONTROLS SECRETORY ACTIVITY OF THE STOMACH

Question 8

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF HISTAMINES IN THE STOMACH

Answer 8

SECRETION

Question 9

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF SEROTONON IN THE STOMACH

Answer 9

CONTRACTILITY

Question 10

WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF PEPTIC ULCERATION

Answer 10

ULCERATION IN ANY PART OF THE GIT THAT IS EXPOSED TO GASTRIC SECRETIONS

Question 11

WHAT PART OF THE GIT IS MOST COMMONLY AFFECTED BY ULCERS

Answer 11

DUODENUM AND STOMACH

Question 12

WHAT IS THE INCIDENCE OF PEPTIC ULCERS

Answer 12

10-20%

Question 13

HOW FAR INTO THE GIT WALL DOES AN ULCER EXTEND

Answer 13

MUSCULARIS

Question 14

WHAT TYPE OF BASE DOES A GIT ULCER HAVE

Answer 14

FIBROUS

Question 15

DAMAGE TO WHAT LAYER OF THE GIT CAUSES SLOW BLEEDING AND IN TURN ANAEMIA IN OLD PEOPLE

Answer 15

SUBMUCOSE

Question 16

DO PEPTIC ULCERS CAUSE MALENA

Answer 16

YES

Question 17

WHAT IS MALENA

Answer 17

DARK AND TAR LIKE POO

Question 18

WHAT BACTERIA IS PRESENT IN 90% DUODENAL ULCERS AND 70% OF GASTRIC ULCERS

Answer 18

HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Question 19

WHAT ARE THE 4 PATHOGENIC PROPERTIES OF H.PYLORI

Answer 19

PRODUCES UREASE
HELICAL STRUCTURE WITH FLAGELLA
RELEASE OF BACTERIAL TOXINS
RECRUITMENT OF IMMUNE CELLS

Question 20

WHAT DOES UREASE ALLOW FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Answer 20

ALLOWS FOR SURVIVAL IN LOW PH

Question 21

WHAT DOES A HELICAL STRUCTURE AND FLAGELLA ALLOW FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Answer 21

BURROWING CAPACITY

Question 22

WHAT DOES RELEASE OF BACTERIAL TOXINS ALLOW FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Answer 22

DIRECT DAMAGE TO MUCOSA

Question 23

WHAT DOES RECRUITMENT OF IMMUNE CELLS ALLOW FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI

Answer 23

FURTHER INJURY TO GIT WALL

Question 24

WHAT ARE THREE RISK FACTORS FOR PEPTIC ULCERS

Answer 24

EXCESSIVE NSAID USE
SMOKING
FAMILIAL FACTORS

Question 25

HOW DOES EXCESSIVE USE OF NSAIDS ENABLE PEPTIC ULCERS

Answer 25

REDUCTION OF PROSTAGLANDIN CONTENT OF MUCOSAL CELLS RESULTING IS REDICED MUCOUS SECRETION AND LESS PROTECTION OF THE STOMACH WALLS

Question 26

HOW DOES SMOKING ENABLE PEPTIC ULCERS

Answer 26

GENERATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS WHICH CAUSES MUCOSAL DAMAGE

REDUCES TEH HEALING RATE ONCE AN ULCER HAS FORMED

Question 27

HOW DO FAMILIAN FACTORS ENABLE PEPTIC ULCERS

Answer 27

DETERMINES SUSCEPTIBILITY OTO ULCERS
RISK INCREASES 3 FOLD IF FIRST DEGREE RELATIVE HAS AN ULCER

Question 28

WHAT ARE SOME COMMON CLINICAL FEATURES OF PEPTIC ULCERS

Answer 28

EPIGASTRIC PAIN OF SEVERAL WEEKS
INTERMITTENT PAIN
EATING CAN AGG OR REL
ANOREXIA
DYSPEPSIA
NAUSEA
VOMITING’

Question 29

WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS OF PEPTIC ULCERS

Answer 29

HEALING WITH FIBROSIS CAN CAUSE PYLORIC STENOSIS

BLOOD VESSEL EROSION CAN CAUSE IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA
MALENA
HAEMATEMESIS