disorders of the small intestine Flashcards

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1
Q

WHAT ARE THE THREE PARTS OF THE SMALL INTESTIE

A

DUODENUM, JEJUNUM, ILEUM

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2
Q

WHERE DOES THE SMALL INTESTINE EXTEND FROM AND TO

A

PYLORUS TO THE ILIOCAECAL JUNCTION

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3
Q

WHAT ARE THE THREE FUNCTIONS OF THE SMALL INTESTINE

A

RECEIVES SECRETIONS FROM THE LIVER AND PANCREAS
MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL DIGESTION (ABSORBTION OF NUTRIENTS)
TRANSPORTATION OF UNDIGESTED MATERIAL TO LARGE INTESTINE

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4
Q

THE SMALL INTESTINE IS SPECIALISED FOR ________ ________

A

ABSORBING NUTRIENTS

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5
Q

WHAT INCREASES THE SURFACE AREA OF THE SMALL INTESTINE

A

CIRCULAR FOLDS AND VILLI

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6
Q

WHAT ARE MICROVILLI

A

CYTOPLASMIC EXTENSIONS OF villi

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7
Q

WHAT IS THE DEFINITON OF COELIAC DISEASE

A

GENETICALLY DETERMINES, ABNORMAL, HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION TO GLUTEN OR ITS PEPTIDE DERIVATIVE GILADIN

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8
Q

WHAT FACTORS ARE INVOLVED IN TEH DEVELOPMENT OF COELIAC DISEASE

A

GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

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9
Q

WHAT GENE IS PRESENT WITH COELIAC DISEASE

A

HLA GENE

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10
Q

CAN COELIAC DISEASE BE TRIGGERED

A

YES

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11
Q

WHAT DOES GLUTEN GET BROKEN DOWN INTO

A

GLIADEN

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12
Q

WHAT ARE SOME ENVIRONMENTAL TRIGGERS FOR COELIAC DISEASE

A

INFECTIONS, GLUTEN FOODS, INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA, EARLY NUTRITION

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13
Q

WHAT CELL REACTS TO GLIADEN

A

T CELL

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14
Q

WHAT DOES A TCELL DO IN A PERSON WITH COELIAC DISEASE

A

TCELL REACTS TO GLIADEN AND PERCEIVES IT AS A THREAT, ACTIVATING AN ACUTE INFLAMMATORY ALLERGIC RESPONSE

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15
Q

WHAT DOES THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO GLIADEN CAUSE

A

WIPE OUT OF VILLI

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16
Q

WILL ELIMINATION OF GLUTEN FROM THE DIET OF A COELIAC ALLOW THE VILLI TO REGAIN FUNCTION

A

YES

17
Q

WHAT IS INVOLVED IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF COELIAC

A

GASTROSCOPE AND BLOOD TEST

18
Q

WHAT IS COELIAC DISEASE OFTEN MISDIAGNOSED AS

A

IBS

19
Q

WITH CHILDHOOD ONSET OF COELIAC DISEASE, WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL FEATURES

A

IRIABILITY, FAILURE TO THRIVE, ABDOMINAL DISTENSION, ABDO PAIN, DELAYED PUBERTY

20
Q

WITH ADULT ONSET OF COELIAC DISEASE, WHAT ARE THE CLINICAL FEATURES

A

WEIGHT LOSS, DIARRHOEA, CONSTIPATION, ANEMIA, ABDO DISCOMFORT, FATIGUE, AMENORRHEA, NAUSEA, STOMACH CRAMPS

21
Q
A