The Nose And Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards
Function of the mucosal lining in the nose?
Humidification
Epithelium in the anterior 1/3rd of the nose
Stratified squamous
Function of the nasal hairs
Trap large particles
Epithelium in posterior 2/3rds of nose
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Rate at which cilia beat at
100 BPM
Rate at which mucous travels at
2.5cm/minute
The 2 layers of mucus
Gel=thick
Sol=watery
Function of the eustachian tube
Drainage of middle ear
4 function of sinuses
Reservoir by warm and humid air
Lighten skull
Crumple zones
Vocal resonance
Why are the sinuses lined with mucosa?
Immune barrier
Bones in the nose
Nasal
Vomer
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
How does the nasal cartilage receive blood supply?
From the mucosa overlying it
Poor blood supply
Tx for septal haematoma
Draining ASAP
2 S+S of septal haematoma
Whistling and bleeding
What’s the function of the turbinates?
Increase the SA of the nose
Where does the nasolacrimal duct open into?
Inferior turbinate
What drains the lacrimal gland?
Nasolacrimal ductc
Where does the frontal air sinus drain into and what does it drain via?
Drains into the frontal recess
Drains via the middle meatus
Where can infection spread to from the ethmoid sinuses?
The orbit
what kind of infection in the orbit can be caused by the spread of sinusitus from the ethmoid sinuses?
Pre-orbital/orbital cellulitis
What drains the sphenoid air sinus?
Sphenoethmoidal recess
What drains the maxillary sinus?
Middle meatus
RFs for sinusitis
Allergies
Infection
What may chronic sinusitis lead to?
Polyps
Complications that may arise from surgery for sinusitis
Damage lamina papyracea (ethmoid bone)
Damage to skull base
-CSF leak
-meningitis.
What is the name of the most common area fro nose bleeds?
Little’s area
Innervation of the nose
Trigeminal V1 and V2
Vidian nerve
When does Eustachian tube open?
During swallowing
