The Nose And Paranasal Sinuses

Question 1

Function of the mucosal lining in the nose?

Answer 1

Humidification

Question 2

Epithelium in the anterior 1/3rd of the nose

Answer 2

Stratified squamous

Question 3

Function of the nasal hairs

Answer 3

Trap large particles

Question 4

Epithelium in posterior 2/3rds of nose

Answer 4

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 5

Rate at which cilia beat at

Answer 5

100 BPM

Question 6

Rate at which mucous travels at

Answer 6

2.5cm/minute

Question 7

The 2 layers of mucus

Answer 7

Gel=thick

Sol=watery

Question 8

Function of the eustachian tube

Answer 8

Drainage of middle ear

Question 9

4 function of sinuses

Answer 9

Reservoir by warm and humid air
Lighten skull
Crumple zones
Vocal resonance

Question 10

Why are the sinuses lined with mucosa?

Answer 10

Immune barrier

Question 11

Bones in the nose

Answer 11

Nasal
Vomer
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid

Question 12

How does the nasal cartilage receive blood supply?

Answer 12

From the mucosa overlying it

Poor blood supply

Question 13

Tx for septal haematoma

Answer 13

Draining ASAP

Question 14

2 S+S of septal haematoma

Answer 14

Whistling and bleeding

Question 15

What’s the function of the turbinates?

Answer 15

Increase the SA of the nose

Question 16

Where does the nasolacrimal duct open into?

Answer 16

Inferior turbinate

Question 17

What drains the lacrimal gland?

Answer 17

Nasolacrimal ductc

Question 18

Where does the frontal air sinus drain into and what does it drain via?

Answer 18

Drains into the frontal recess

Drains via the middle meatus

Question 19

Where can infection spread to from the ethmoid sinuses?

Answer 19

The orbit

Question 20

what kind of infection in the orbit can be caused by the spread of sinusitus from the ethmoid sinuses?

Answer 20

Pre-orbital/orbital cellulitis

Question 21

What drains the sphenoid air sinus?

Answer 21

Sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 22

What drains the maxillary sinus?

Answer 22

Middle meatus

Question 23

RFs for sinusitis

Answer 23

Allergies

Infection

Question 24

What may chronic sinusitis lead to?

Answer 24

Polyps

Question 25

Complications that may arise from surgery for sinusitis

Answer 25

Damage lamina papyracea (ethmoid bone)
Damage to skull base
-CSF leak
-meningitis.

Question 26

What is the name of the most common area fro nose bleeds?

Answer 26

Little’s area

Question 27

Innervation of the nose

Answer 27

Trigeminal V1 and V2

Vidian nerve

Question 28

When does Eustachian tube open?

Answer 28

During swallowing