Ontology

Question 1

In which ear will a patient with conductor be hearing loss hear Webber’s test the loudest?

Answer 1

The one with the conductive loss

Question 2

Tx for auricular haematoma

Answer 2

Incision and drainage
Pressure drainage
Antibiotics

Question 3

What is otitis externa?

Answer 3

Inflammation of external auditory meatus

Question 4

Tx for otitis externa

Answer 4

Antibiotic/steroid ear drops

+/- suction under microscope

Question 5

What is malignant otitis externa?

Answer 5

Osteomyelitis of temporal bone

Question 6

S+S of malignant otitis externa

Answer 6

Severe pain in elderly diabetics
Granulation in EAC
+/- cranial nerve palsies

Question 7

Tx for malignant otitis externa

Answer 7

Antibiotics for weeks or months

Question 8

S+S of otitis media with effusion

Answer 8

Hearing loss

Speech delay

Question 9

Tx for otitis media with effusion

Answer 9

Observation for 3 months
Otovent
-blow balloon with nose to force air up Eustachian tube
Gromet
-air can come and go through an artificial Eustachian tube

Question 10

What is acute suppurative otitis media?

Answer 10

Pus in middle ear

Question 11

S+S of acute suppurative otitis media

Answer 11

Otalgia

Otorrhea

Question 12

Tx for supparative otitis media

Answer 12

Amoxicillin

Question 13

What is tympanosclerosis?

Answer 13

Calcification in tympanic membrane and middle ear

Question 14

S+S of tympanosclerosis

Answer 14

Asymptomatic

Question 15

What’s chronic suppurative otitis media?

Answer 15

Perforated tympanic membrane or cholesteatoma

Question 16

4 complications of chronic suppurative otitis media?

Answer 16

Dead ear=severe hearing loss
Facial palsy
Meningitis
Brain abscess

Question 17

RFs for chronic suppurative otitis media

Answer 17

Infection
Trauma
Grommet

Question 18

Tx for chronic suppurative otitis media

Answer 18

Myringoplasty

Water precautions

Question 19

What’s cholesteatoma?

Answer 19

Eustachian tube dysfunction

Abnormal, benign skin growth in the middle ear

Question 20

S+S of cholesteatoma

Answer 20

Persistent offensive otorrhea

Question 21

Tx for cholesteatoma

Answer 21

Mastioectomy

Question 22

What’s otosclerosis?

Answer 22

Fixation of stapes by extra bone

Question 23

Tx for otosclerosis

Answer 23

Stapedectomy

Question 24

What type of hearing loss is associated with cholesteatoma?

Answer 24

Conductive

Question 25

What’s presbycusis?

Answer 25

Age related hearing loss

Question 26

Aetiology of presbyacusis

Answer 26

Noise exposure

Question 27

Type of hearing loss in presbyacusis

Answer 27

Sensorineural

Question 28

What’s tinnitus?

Answer 28

Any perception of sound

Question 29

When should you investigate tinnitus?

Answer 29

Unilateral

Pulsatile

Question 30

Why should stress be managed with those with tinnitus?

Answer 30

Stress management

Question 31

What is vertigo?

Answer 31

Any perception of movement

Question 32

Differentials for vertigo

Answer 32

BPPV
Meniere’s
Vestibular neuritis/ labyrinthitis
Migraine

Question 33

Aetiology for BPPV

Answer 33

Otoconia in semicircular canal

Question 34

Tx for menieres

Answer 34

Bendroflumethazide
Intratympanic dexamethasone
Intratympanic gentamicin

Question 35

Aetiology of vestibular neuritis/labyrinthitis

Answer 35

Reactivation of latest HSV infection of vestibular ganglion

Question 36

S+S of vestibular neuritis

Answer 36

Spontaneous vertigo

Nystagmus horizontally, towards affected ears

Question 37

Duration of vestibular neuritis

Answer 37

Days

Question 38

Tx for acute and chronic vestibular neuritis

Answer 38

Acute
-vestibular sedatives
Chronic
-vestibular rehab