Ontology Flashcards
In which ear will a patient with conductor be hearing loss hear Webber’s test the loudest?
The one with the conductive loss
Tx for auricular haematoma
Incision and drainage
Pressure drainage
Antibiotics
What is otitis externa?
Inflammation of external auditory meatus
Tx for otitis externa
Antibiotic/steroid ear drops
+/- suction under microscope
What is malignant otitis externa?
Osteomyelitis of temporal bone
S+S of malignant otitis externa
Severe pain in elderly diabetics
Granulation in EAC
+/- cranial nerve palsies
Tx for malignant otitis externa
Antibiotics for weeks or months
S+S of otitis media with effusion
Hearing loss
Speech delay
Tx for otitis media with effusion
Observation for 3 months
Otovent
-blow balloon with nose to force air up Eustachian tube
Gromet
-air can come and go through an artificial Eustachian tube
What is acute suppurative otitis media?
Pus in middle ear
S+S of acute suppurative otitis media
Otalgia
Otorrhea
Tx for supparative otitis media
Amoxicillin
What is tympanosclerosis?
Calcification in tympanic membrane and middle ear
S+S of tympanosclerosis
Asymptomatic
What’s chronic suppurative otitis media?
Perforated tympanic membrane or cholesteatoma
4 complications of chronic suppurative otitis media?
Dead ear=severe hearing loss
Facial palsy
Meningitis
Brain abscess
RFs for chronic suppurative otitis media
Infection
Trauma
Grommet
Tx for chronic suppurative otitis media
Myringoplasty
Water precautions
What’s cholesteatoma?
Eustachian tube dysfunction
Abnormal, benign skin growth in the middle ear
S+S of cholesteatoma
Persistent offensive otorrhea
Tx for cholesteatoma
Mastioectomy
What’s otosclerosis?
Fixation of stapes by extra bone
Tx for otosclerosis
Stapedectomy
What type of hearing loss is associated with cholesteatoma?
Conductive
What’s presbycusis?
Age related hearing loss
Aetiology of presbyacusis
Noise exposure
Type of hearing loss in presbyacusis
Sensorineural
What’s tinnitus?
Any perception of sound
When should you investigate tinnitus?
Unilateral
Pulsatile
Why should stress be managed with those with tinnitus?
Stress management
What is vertigo?
Any perception of movement
Differentials for vertigo
BPPV
Meniere’s
Vestibular neuritis/ labyrinthitis
Migraine
Aetiology for BPPV
Otoconia in semicircular canal
Tx for menieres
Bendroflumethazide
Intratympanic dexamethasone
Intratympanic gentamicin
Aetiology of vestibular neuritis/labyrinthitis
Reactivation of latest HSV infection of vestibular ganglion
S+S of vestibular neuritis
Spontaneous vertigo
Nystagmus horizontally, towards affected ears
Duration of vestibular neuritis
Days
Tx for acute and chronic vestibular neuritis
Acute
-vestibular sedatives
Chronic
-vestibular rehab
