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Head And Neck Year 2 > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

What is mesenchyme?

A

Embryonic connective tissue

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2
Q

Where does the neck develop from?

A

Branchial/pharyngeal arches

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3
Q

Where does the face develop from?

A

5 mesenchymal processes/prominences

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4
Q

What’re the 5 mesenchymal prominences?

A

Frontonasal
2x maxillary
2x mandibular

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5
Q

Where does the skull develop from?

A

Develops from mesenchyme in the head region of developing embryo

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6
Q

Where are the somites derived from?

A

Paraxial mesoderm

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7
Q

What do the somites form?

A

Axial skeleton and muscles

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8
Q

How many somites are there in total?

A

33

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9
Q

How many branchial arches are there?

A

6, but number 5 disappears

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10
Q

1st branchial arch nerve supply?

A

V3

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11
Q

2nd branchial arch nerve supply?

A

Facial

All facial muscles innervated by this so all must be derived from 2nd arch

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12
Q

3rd branchial arch nerve supply?

A

Glossopharyngeal

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13
Q

4th branchial arch nerve supply?

A

Superior laryngeal of vagus

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14
Q

6th branchial arch nerve supply?

A

Recurrent laryngeal of vagus

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15
Q

How’re the flat bones of the skull ossified?

A

Membranous ossification

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16
Q

How’re the irregular bones of the skull formed?

A

Endocardial ossification

17
Q

How does membranous ossification happen?

A

From sheets of mesenchymal connective tissue

18
Q

How does endocardial ossification happen?

A

Replaces hyaline cartilage with bone

19
Q

What’s the viscerocranium?

A

Skeleton of the face

20
Q

How is the viscerocranium formed?

A

Partly from branchial arches, partly from sensory capsules

21
Q

What is the embryological reason for treacher Collins syndrome?

A

1st pharyngeal arch abnormality

Head And Neck Year 2 (10 decks)

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