Global Perspective On H+N Condtions Flashcards
What’s the WHO target for reducing avoidable visual impairment by 2019?
Reduce by 2019
RF for cataract
UV exposure increases risk
Tx for cataracts
Surgery
What’s the leading cause of visual impairment?
Un corrected refractive impairment
2nd biggest cause of VI?
Glaucoma
Tx for glaucoma
Life long eye drops
Complications with Tx for glaucoma?
Complications due to poor hygiene leading to loss of confidence in treatment
What is corneal opacity/scarring usually second to?
Trachoma
What’s trachoma?
A contagious bacterial infection of the eye, causing inflamed granulation on the inner surface of the lids
Aetiology for trachoma
Bacterial infection due to:
- face washing with dirty water
- sharing linen
- flies
Treatment for trachoma
SAFE
- surgery
- antibiotics
- face washing
- environmental
RF for trachoma
Malnutrition (vit A) predisposes
Aetiology for onchocerciasis (river blindness)
Riverside areas
Transmitted by black flies
S+S for onchocerciasis
Eye lesions
Inflammation
Scarring
Tx for onchocerciasis
Annual dose ivermectin
VISION 2020 vector control programme
What’re three things that blindness can be avoided with
Hygiene, sanitation, clean water
Improved access to eye care
Improved nutrition
What is classified as disabling hearing loss?
Hearing loss greater than 40dB in affected adults
What does the inability to communicate lead to?
Social isolation
Affects academic performance and prospect
Strategies for avoiding hearing loss
Immunisations Antenatal care and rubella immunisations Education Hygiene and clean water Early detection and intervention Social support Simple aids
What are craniofacial deformities second to and where are they highest?
2nd to maternal infections
Higher in LMIC
What can cleft lip and palate lead to?
Feeding difficulties and malnutrition
Ear infections
Speech problems and breathing difficulties
Example of a mobile surgical camp
Operation smile
