The nervous system - Neoplasms - ch 12

Question 1

What is the meaning of neoplasm?

Answer 1

Tumours, any new and abnormal growth particular one in which cell manipulation is uncontrolled and progressive. Neoplasms can be benign or malignant

Question 2

What are cerebral tumours better known as?

Answer 2

brain tumours

Question 3

There are many different types of brain tumours which are named according to their location of histology. Name 4 examples of tumours?

Answer 3

1. gliomas
2. memingiomas
3. astrocytomas
4. schwannomas

Question 4

Describe what the 4 examples of changes in the tumours can cause?

Answer 4

1. CNS changes by invading and destroying tissues
2. Depending on the site, they can also have secondary effects such as blindness.
3. An increase in intracranial pressure from the tumour
4. life threatening brain herniation
5. coma
6. respiratory arrest
7. cardiac arrest

Question 5

Name 4 theories as to the cause of cerebral tumours?

Answer 5

1. genetic mutation
2. exposure to chemicals such as vinyl, chloride and pesticides
3. virus
4. heredity

Question 6

Diagnosis of cerbral tumours is by physical examination, name 6 investigative procedures to diagnose cerebral tumours?

Answer 6

1. skull x-ray
2. CT scan
3. MRI scan
4. cerebral angiography
5. biopsy of lesion (to determine histology and grading)
6. lumbar puncture

Question 7

Treatment for cerebral tumours will vary depending on the histologic type, radiosensitivity of the tumour and location. Name possible treatments for cerebral tumours?

Answer 7

1. surgery
2. radiotherapy
3. chemotherapy
4. decompression of intracranial pressure
5. palliative measures such as steriods for cerebral oedema (excessive accumulation of fluid)
6. anticonvulsants to prevent seizures