The nervous system - brain - ch 12 Flashcards
Name 2 functions in the body that the brain performs?
- regulatory
2. coordination
Name the 3 main parts that make up the brain?
- the forbrain
- the midbrain
- the hindbrain
What does the forbrain consist of?
- the cerebrum
- the thalamus
- the hypothalamus
What does the midbrain consist of?
- the tectum
2. the tegmentum
What does the hindbrain consist of?
- the cerebellum
- the pons
- medulla oblongata
Which 3 parts make up the brainstem?
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla
Name the network of interconnected spaces?
ventricles
How many ventricles are in the brain?
4
What are the four ventricles filled with?
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
What does the cerebrospinal fluid flow through?
the ventricular system and into the subarachnoid space
When the CSF is eventually absorbed, name where it is returned to?
venous circulation
Name the largest uppermost part of the brain?
cerebrum
Name the 2 brain functions that the cerebrum is responsible for?
- thought
2. action
The cerebrum is divided into right and left hemispheres, how are these hemispheres connected?
by a mass of nerve fibres called the corpus callosum
What is the role of the corpus callosum?
communication between the two hemispheres
What is the right hemisphere control and process?
signals from the left side of the body
What is the left hemisphere control and process?
signals from the right side of the body
The surface of the cerebrum consists of a series of ridges called gyri and fissures, what is the name of the gyri and fissures?
sulci
What does the ridges of the cerebrum surface add to the cerebrum surface?
A greater surface area
Name the outer layer of the cerebrum?
cerebral cortex
How many divisions in each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex?
four
Name the four divisions in each hemisphere of the cerebral cortex?
- frontal lobe
- parietal lobe
- occipital lobe
- temporal lobe
What is the responsiblities of the frontal lobe?
- reasoning
- planning
- some speech
- movement
- emotion
- problem solving
What is the parietal lobe associated with?
- perception of the stimuli
- movement
- orientation
- recognition
What is the role of the occipital lobe?
- visual processing
What is the role of the temporal lobe?
- olfaction (smells)
- recognition of sounds
- recognition of memory
- recognition of speech
Where is the limbic system located?
Within the cerebrum
Name the four main parts of limbic system?
- hypothalamus
- thalamus
- amygdala
- hippocampus
Describe the limbic system?
The limbic system is a set of structures in the brain that deal with emotions and memory. …
Describe the role of the thalamus?
- sensory perception except olfaction
2. regulation of motor functions
Describe the role of the hypothalamus?
- homeostasis
- emotion
- thirst
- hunger
- circadian rythyms
- control of the autonomic nervous system
- control of pituitary gland
Describe the role of the amygdala?
- memory
- emotion
- fear
Describe the role of the hippocampus?
- learning
- memory
(The limbic system is the base of the a person’s emotions).
The cerebellum is the second largest part of the brain. Describe the role of the cerebellum?
- associated with controlling & coordinating movement
2. controlling & coordinating posture and balance.
How many hemispheres does the cerebellum consist of?
Two
Where do you find the brainstem located?
beneath the limbic system
It is a pathway for nerve impulses between the ????
brain and the spinal cord
How many parts is the brainstem made up of?
three (3)
Name the three parts the brainstem is made up of?
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla oblongata
What are some of the functions of the midbrain?
- vision
- hearing
- eye and body movement
What are the functions of the pons?
- maintains motor control
- a role in analysing information from the sense organs
- acts as a bridge between the cerebrum and other parts of the nervous system
What are the functions of the medulla oblongata?
- maintaining vital body functions, such as breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate.
- It is connected to the spinal cord
From where does the brain receive nerve impulses?
- spinal cord
2. twelve pairs of cranial nerves
