The nervous system - miscellaneous conditions - ch 12

Question 1

Give the definition of hydrocephalus?

Answer 1

An increased amount of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricles of the brain. It results in an abnormal widening of the ventricles. This widening creates a potentially harmful increase in pressure on the cerebral tissues. It can be either be congenital or acquired. It may also be either communicating, where the CSF can still flow around the ventricles, or obstructive, where the CSF cannot flow between the ventricles.

Question 2

Describe what the treatment is for hydrocephalus?

Answer 2

The insertion of a shunt to drain the CSF from the ventricles into the peritoneal cavity.

Question 3

Give the definition of an intracranial haemorrhage?

Answer 3

A bleed inside the head.

Question 4

Name 3 causes of intracranial haemorrhage?

Answer 4

1. trauma
2. hypertension
3. vascular diseases such as an aneurysm

Question 5

The haemorrhage is named for its location, name 4 locations?

Answer 5

1. extradural
2. subdural
3. subarachnoid
4. intracerebral

Question 6

Is an intracranial haemorrhage considered an emergency?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

Why is it considered an emergency?

Answer 7

Because the accumulation of blood can result in increased intracranial pressure and the potential for permanent brain damage.