The Neck Flashcards
Level of the hyoid bone
C3
Innervation of the anterior part of ear
V3
Innervation of the posterior part of ear
C2-C3 spinal nerves
Innervation of outer tympanic membrane
Auricular branch of vagus and V3 (auriculotemporal)
Innervation of inner tympanic membrane
Glossopharyngeal
What can be seen on an otoscopy?
Light reflection, malleus (umbo) and part of the incus
What is glue ear?
Glue-like fluid fills behind the tympanic membrane due to eustachian tube dysfunction
What are mastoid air cells?
The mastoid air cells are thought to protect the delicate structures of the ear, regulate ear pressure and possibly protect the temporal bone during trauma.
What is otosclerosis?
Sclerosis of stapes - conductive hearing loss
Where does the trapezius run?
From the back of the occipital bone to the lateral clavicle
Where does the sternocleidomastoid run?
From the medial clavicle and manubrium to the mastoid process of temporal bone
Where does omohyoid run?
Upper scapular to the lower border of hyoid
Where does anterior digastric run?
Digastric fossa on the mandible to hyoid
Where does posterior digastric run?
Mastoid process of the temporal bone to the hyoid
Where does the isthmus of the thyroid lie?
At the level of the 2nd and 3rd tracheal cartilage
What lies in the posterior triangle?
The spinal accessory nerve, brachial plexus and subclavian artery
What lies in the digastric triangle?
Submandibular gland and the facial artery
What lies in the muscular triangle?
Strap muscles
What triangles make up the anterior triangle?
Digastric, muscular, submental and carotid
What lies in the carotid triangle?
Carotid artery (common intrinsic and extrinsic), internal jugular vein and vagus nerve
What lies in the submental triangle?
Lymph nodes
Where do the phrenic nerves pass?
Over the anterior scalene muscle
Scalene muscle roots?
C4-C7
What does the superficial deep fascia contain?
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
What is the carotid sheath?
Fascia surrounding the carotid artery and jugular vein and vagus nerve of neck
What does the middle layer of deep fascia contain?
Muscular layer surrounding the infrahyoid muscles
Pretracheal (assists in carotid sheath formation) and buccopharyngeal (superior pharyngeal constrictor) layer
What does the deep later of deep fascia contain?
Dorsal prevertebral fascia and ventral alar fascia
Vertebral and strap muscle roots?
C1-C4
