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Female reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

What is the vesicouterine pouch?

A

A reflection of peritoneum that lies between the anterior surface of the uterus and the bladder

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2
Q

What is the recto-uterine pouch (of Douglas)?

A

A reflection of peritoneum that lies between the posterior surface of the uterus and posterior fornix of the vagina

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3
Q

What word is used to describe the uterus of a women prior to pregnancy?

A

Nulliparous

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4
Q

How long, wide and thick is the average nulliparous uterus?

A

7-8cm long, 5cm wide and 1-2cm thick

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5
Q

What part of the uterus is superior to the fallopian tube entry?

A

Fundus

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6
Q

What part of the uterus is inferior to the fallopian tube entry?

A

The body

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7
Q

What is the name for the caudal constriction of the uterus?

A

Cervix

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8
Q

What is the space the cervix opening creates called?

A

Internal/external os

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9
Q

What type of epithelia lines the cervical canal?

A

Simple columnar mucus secreting epithelium

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10
Q

What part of the cervix projects into the vagina?

A

Ectocervix

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11
Q

What type of epithelia lines the ectocervix?

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinizing epithelia

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12
Q

Where does the vagina open?

A

Vestibule

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13
Q

What describes the region of the vagina that extends around the ectocervix?

A

Vaginal fornices

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14
Q

What surface of the broad ligament attaches to the ovaries?

A

The postosuperior

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15
Q

What is the name of the peritoneal covering of the ovary that attaches it to the broad ligament?

A

Mesovarium

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16
Q

What are the projections of the uterine tube at the infundibulum called?

A

Fimbriae

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17
Q

What type of nerve supplies the ovaries, what is the principle function of this supply?

A

Sympathetic, supply the blood vessels related to the ovary

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18
Q

What dermatome are pain afferents from the ovary referred to?

A

T10

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19
Q

What are the four parts of the uterine tube (from ovary to uterus)?

A

Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Intramural portion

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20
Q

Where does lymph drain from ovaries, fundus of uterus and uterine tubes?

A

Para-aortic lymph nodes

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21
Q

Where does lymph from the body of the uterus and superior 2/3 of vagina drain to?

A

Nodes beside the external and internal iliac arteries

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22
Q

Where do lymph nodes from the uterus fundus, ovary and uterine tubes pass within?

A

Broad ligament

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23
Q

A few lymph vessels from the body of the uterus drain into…

A

The superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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24
Q

What lymph nodes does the inferior 1/3 of the vagina drain to?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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25
What are the three divisions of the broad ligament, what do the cover?
The mesometrium is the area of the broad ligament surrounding the uterus The mesosalpinx is the part covering the uterine tube The mesovarium is the part of the peritoneum from which the ovaries are suspended
26
Is the mesovarium continuous with the epithelia of the ovaries?
Yes
27
Where does the suspensory ligament extend to and from?
The ovary and the lateral pelvic wall
28
What does the suspensory ligament contain?
The artery vein, lymph and nerves of ovary
29
What are remnants of the ovarian gubernaculum?
The round ligament and the ovarian ligament
30
Where does the round ligament pass?
From the point at which tubes join uterus, through the deep inguinal ring and enters the labia majora
31
Where does the ligament of the ovary pass?
Attaches the ovary to lateral wall of uterus
32
What is the name of the female cardinal ligaments?
Pubovesical/pubocervical
33
What does the pubocervical ligaments cover?
Space between the anterior parts of the pubococcygeus muscles
34
Where do the pubocervial ligaments run?
Cervix to pubic symphysis
35
What nerve provides somatic sensation to the vaginal opening?
Pudenal nerve
36
What spinal region does the pudenal nerve arise from?
S2-S4
37
What innervates the superior part of the vagina and the cervix/regions of the reproductive organs without a peritoneal covering?
Parasympathetic pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)
38
What sympathetic plexus innervates the ovaries, uterine tubes and the parts of the uterus covered by peritoneum?
Hypogastric (sympathetic) plexus
39
What name is given to the female external genetalia?
The vulva
40
What is the pudenal cleft?
Opening of the labia majora
41
What part of the vulva partially covers the clitoris?
Labia minora
42
Where are the greater vestibular (bartholin) glands?
Either side of the inferior end of the vagina, superficial to the perineal membrane
43
What is the bulb of vestibule?
Mass of erectile tissue either side of the vagina
44
Where do the two bulbs of vestibule join?
Anterior to the vagina
45
Where is the clitoris attached?
Ischiopubic rami
46
How is the clitoris attached to the ischopubic rami?
Two crura (continuous with the body of the clitoris)
47
What does the greater vestibular gland secrete?
Mucus into the vestibule
48
In females, what does the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery give rise to?
The umbilical artery (closed vessel in the adult forming the medial umbilical ligament) Superior vesical artery which supplies the superior surface of the bladder. Internal pudendal artery Obturator artery The uterine and vaginal arteries, which supply the uterus and vagina
49
Where can the vaginal artery arise from alternatively to the internal iliac?
Uterine artery
50
Where does most of the venous drainage lead to?
Internal iliac veins
51
Where do the ovarian arteries branch from?
Abdominal aorta inferior to the renal arteries
52
What supplies the uterine tubes?
Branches of the ovarian artery
53
What does the ovarian artery anastomose with?
Uterine artery
54
What drains the uterus?
Uterine venous plexuses to internal iliac veins
55
What drains the ovary and uterine tubes ?
Ovarian veins on left drains to LRV and right IVC
56
Where does the left ovarian vein drain?
Left renal vein
57
Where does the right ovarian vein drain?
Inferior vena cava
58
Where are the greater vestibular (bartholin) glands?
Either side of the inferior end of the vagina, superficial to the perineal membrane
59
What is the bulb of vestibule?
Mass of erectile tissue either side of the vagina
60
Where do the two bulbs of vestibule join?
Anterior to the vagina
61
Where is the clitoris attached?
Ischiopubic rami
62
How is the clitoris attached to the ischopubic rami?
Two crura (continuous with the body of the clitoris)
63
What does the greater vestibular gland secrete?
Mucus into the vestibule
64
In females, what does the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery give rise to?
The umbilical artery (closed vessel in the adult forming the medial umbilical ligament) Superior vesical artery which supplies the superior surface of the bladder. Internal pudendal artery Obturator artery The uterine and vaginal arteries, which supply the uterus and vagina
65
Where can the vaginal artery arise from alternatively to the internal iliac?
Uterine artery
66
Where does most of the venous drainage lead to?
Internal iliac veins
67
Where do the ovarian arteries branch from?
Abdominal aorta inferior to the renal arteries
68
What supplies the uterine tubes?
Branches of the ovarian artery and uterine artery (anastomose)
69
What does the ovarian artery anastomose with?
Uterine artery
70
What drains the uterus?
Uterine venous plexuses to internal iliac veins
71
What drains the ovary and uterine tubes ?
Ovarian veins on left drains to LRV and right IVC
72
Where does the left ovarian vein drain?
Left renal vein
73
Where does the right ovarian vein drain?
Inferior vena cava
74
What supplies the uterus?
Uterine artery
75
Where does the internal pudenal artery branch from?
The anterior trunk
76
Where does the internal pudenal artery leave the pelvic cavity, how does it gain access to the perineum?
Greater sciatic foramen | Lesser sciatic foramen
77
What supplies the perineal structures and clitoris?
Pudenal artery
78
How is the uterus positioned over the bladder?
Anteverted and anteflexed over the bladder
79
What is the lymphatic drainage of the ovary?
Para-aortic nodes
80
The main artery supplying the uterus
Internal iliac
81
What separates the rectum from the posterior wall of the vagina?
Deep peritoneal lined recess
82
Describe the broad ligament
Is a fold of peritoneum which extends laterally from the body of the uterus and hangs down over the uterine tubes
83
What is derived from the gubernaculum?
Round ligament
84
Is round or cardinal ligament closer to intramural portion of Fallopian tube?
Round
85
What are the two vaginal fornices called?
Anterior and posterior
86
What lies near to the posterior fornix of vagina?
The recto-uterine pouch of the peritoneal cavity
87
What is the principal support of the cervix of the uterus?
Cardinal/lateral ligament
88
What does the uterus develop from?
Paramesonephric duct
89
The fibromuscular body which lies between vagina and rectum is called the
Perineal body
90
Concerning the breast, Its secretory epithelium is derived from..
Ectoderm
91
Where can the breast feasibly develop?
Breast tissue can develop anywhere along a line from axilla to groin
92
What is the most important hormone in development of the breast ductal system?
Oestrogen
93
Where does majority of breast lymphatic drainage lead?
Pectoral nodes in the axilla.
94
Where does the breast tissue lie?
In superficial fascia (subcutaneous fat)
95
Describe the lobular structure of the breast?
Numerous secretory lobules converge onto 15-20 lactiferous ducts

Gross anatomy (17 decks)

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