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Gross anatomy > Female reproductive system > Flashcards

Female reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

What is the vesicouterine pouch?

A

A reflection of peritoneum that lies between the anterior surface of the uterus and the bladder

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2
Q

What is the recto-uterine pouch (of Douglas)?

A

A reflection of peritoneum that lies between the posterior surface of the uterus and posterior fornix of the vagina

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3
Q

What word is used to describe the uterus of a women prior to pregnancy?

A

Nulliparous

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4
Q

How long, wide and thick is the average nulliparous uterus?

A

7-8cm long, 5cm wide and 1-2cm thick

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5
Q

What part of the uterus is superior to the fallopian tube entry?

A

Fundus

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6
Q

What part of the uterus is inferior to the fallopian tube entry?

A

The body

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7
Q

What is the name for the caudal constriction of the uterus?

A

Cervix

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8
Q

What is the space the cervix opening creates called?

A

Internal/external os

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9
Q

What type of epithelia lines the cervical canal?

A

Simple columnar mucus secreting epithelium

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10
Q

What part of the cervix projects into the vagina?

A

Ectocervix

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11
Q

What type of epithelia lines the ectocervix?

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinizing epithelia

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12
Q

Where does the vagina open?

A

Vestibule

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13
Q

What describes the region of the vagina that extends around the ectocervix?

A

Vaginal fornices

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14
Q

What surface of the broad ligament attaches to the ovaries?

A

The postosuperior

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15
Q

What is the name of the peritoneal covering of the ovary that attaches it to the broad ligament?

A

Mesovarium

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16
Q

What are the projections of the uterine tube at the infundibulum called?

A

Fimbriae

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17
Q

What type of nerve supplies the ovaries, what is the principle function of this supply?

A

Sympathetic, supply the blood vessels related to the ovary

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18
Q

What dermatome are pain afferents from the ovary referred to?

A

T10

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19
Q

What are the four parts of the uterine tube (from ovary to uterus)?

A

Fimbriae
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Intramural portion

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20
Q

Where does lymph drain from ovaries, fundus of uterus and uterine tubes?

A

Para-aortic lymph nodes

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21
Q

Where does lymph from the body of the uterus and superior 2/3 of vagina drain to?

A

Nodes beside the external and internal iliac arteries

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22
Q

Where do lymph nodes from the uterus fundus, ovary and uterine tubes pass within?

A

Broad ligament

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23
Q

A few lymph vessels from the body of the uterus drain into…

A

The superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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24
Q

What lymph nodes does the inferior 1/3 of the vagina drain to?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

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25
Q

What are the three divisions of the broad ligament, what do the cover?

A

The mesometrium is the area of the broad ligament surrounding the uterus

The mesosalpinx is the part covering the uterine tube

The mesovarium is the part of the peritoneum from which the ovaries are suspended

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26
Q

Is the mesovarium continuous with the epithelia of the ovaries?

A

Yes

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27
Q

Where does the suspensory ligament extend to and from?

A

The ovary and the lateral pelvic wall

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28
Q

What does the suspensory ligament contain?

A

The artery vein, lymph and nerves of ovary

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29
Q

What are remnants of the ovarian gubernaculum?

A

The round ligament and the ovarian ligament

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30
Q

Where does the round ligament pass?

A

From the point at which tubes join uterus, through the deep inguinal ring and enters the labia majora

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31
Q

Where does the ligament of the ovary pass?

A

Attaches the ovary to lateral wall of uterus

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32
Q

What is the name of the female cardinal ligaments?

A

Pubovesical/pubocervical

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33
Q

What does the pubocervical ligaments cover?

A

Space between the anterior parts of the pubococcygeus muscles

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34
Q

Where do the pubocervial ligaments run?

A

Cervix to pubic symphysis

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35
Q

What nerve provides somatic sensation to the vaginal opening?

A

Pudenal nerve

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36
Q

What spinal region does the pudenal nerve arise from?

A

S2-S4

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37
Q

What innervates the superior part of the vagina and the cervix/regions of the reproductive organs without a peritoneal covering?

A

Parasympathetic pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)

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38
Q

What sympathetic plexus innervates the ovaries, uterine tubes and the parts of the uterus covered by peritoneum?

A

Hypogastric (sympathetic) plexus

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39
Q

What name is given to the female external genetalia?

A

The vulva

40
Q

What is the pudenal cleft?

A

Opening of the labia majora

41
Q

What part of the vulva partially covers the clitoris?

A

Labia minora

42
Q

Where are the greater vestibular (bartholin) glands?

A

Either side of the inferior end of the vagina, superficial to the perineal membrane

43
Q

What is the bulb of vestibule?

A

Mass of erectile tissue either side of the vagina

44
Q

Where do the two bulbs of vestibule join?

A

Anterior to the vagina

45
Q

Where is the clitoris attached?

A

Ischiopubic rami

46
Q

How is the clitoris attached to the ischopubic rami?

A

Two crura (continuous with the body of the clitoris)

47
Q

What does the greater vestibular gland secrete?

A

Mucus into the vestibule

48
Q

In females, what does the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery give rise to?

A

The umbilical artery (closed vessel in the adult forming the medial umbilical ligament)

Superior vesical artery which supplies the superior surface of the bladder.

Internal pudendal artery

Obturator artery

The uterine and vaginal arteries, which supply the uterus and vagina

49
Q

Where can the vaginal artery arise from alternatively to the internal iliac?

A

Uterine artery

50
Q

Where does most of the venous drainage lead to?

A

Internal iliac veins

51
Q

Where do the ovarian arteries branch from?

A

Abdominal aorta inferior to the renal arteries

52
Q

What supplies the uterine tubes?

A

Branches of the ovarian artery

53
Q

What does the ovarian artery anastomose with?

A

Uterine artery

54
Q

What drains the uterus?

A

Uterine venous plexuses to internal iliac veins

55
Q

What drains the ovary and uterine tubes ?

A

Ovarian veins on left drains to LRV and right IVC

56
Q

Where does the left ovarian vein drain?

A

Left renal vein

57
Q

Where does the right ovarian vein drain?

A

Inferior vena cava

58
Q

Where are the greater vestibular (bartholin) glands?

A

Either side of the inferior end of the vagina, superficial to the perineal membrane

59
Q

What is the bulb of vestibule?

A

Mass of erectile tissue either side of the vagina

60
Q

Where do the two bulbs of vestibule join?

A

Anterior to the vagina

61
Q

Where is the clitoris attached?

A

Ischiopubic rami

62
Q

How is the clitoris attached to the ischopubic rami?

A

Two crura (continuous with the body of the clitoris)

63
Q

What does the greater vestibular gland secrete?

A

Mucus into the vestibule

64
Q

In females, what does the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery give rise to?

A

The umbilical artery (closed vessel in the adult forming the medial umbilical ligament)

Superior vesical artery which supplies the superior surface of the bladder.

Internal pudendal artery

Obturator artery

The uterine and vaginal arteries, which supply the uterus and vagina

65
Q

Where can the vaginal artery arise from alternatively to the internal iliac?

A

Uterine artery

66
Q

Where does most of the venous drainage lead to?

A

Internal iliac veins

67
Q

Where do the ovarian arteries branch from?

A

Abdominal aorta inferior to the renal arteries

68
Q

What supplies the uterine tubes?

A

Branches of the ovarian artery and uterine artery (anastomose)

69
Q

What does the ovarian artery anastomose with?

A

Uterine artery

70
Q

What drains the uterus?

A

Uterine venous plexuses to internal iliac veins

71
Q

What drains the ovary and uterine tubes ?

A

Ovarian veins on left drains to LRV and right IVC

72
Q

Where does the left ovarian vein drain?

A

Left renal vein

73
Q

Where does the right ovarian vein drain?

A

Inferior vena cava

74
Q

What supplies the uterus?

A

Uterine artery

75
Q

Where does the internal pudenal artery branch from?

A

The anterior trunk

76
Q

Where does the internal pudenal artery leave the pelvic cavity, how does it gain access to the perineum?

A

Greater sciatic foramen

Lesser sciatic foramen

77
Q

What supplies the perineal structures and clitoris?

A

Pudenal artery

78
Q

How is the uterus positioned over the bladder?

A

Anteverted and anteflexed over the bladder

79
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the ovary?

A

Para-aortic nodes

80
Q

The main artery supplying the uterus

A

Internal iliac

81
Q

What separates the rectum from the posterior wall of the vagina?

A

Deep peritoneal lined recess

82
Q

Describe the broad ligament

A

Is a fold of peritoneum which extends laterally from the body of the uterus and hangs down over the uterine tubes

83
Q

What is derived from the gubernaculum?

A

Round ligament

84
Q

Is round or cardinal ligament closer to intramural portion of Fallopian tube?

A

Round

85
Q

What are the two vaginal fornices called?

A

Anterior and posterior

86
Q

What lies near to the posterior fornix of vagina?

A

The recto-uterine pouch of the peritoneal cavity

87
Q

What is the principal support of the cervix of the uterus?

A

Cardinal/lateral ligament

88
Q

What does the uterus develop from?

A

Paramesonephric duct

89
Q

The fibromuscular body which lies between vagina and rectum is called the

A

Perineal body

90
Q

Concerning the breast, Its secretory epithelium is derived from..

A

Ectoderm

91
Q

Where can the breast feasibly develop?

A

Breast tissue can develop anywhere along a line from axilla to groin

92
Q

What is the most important hormone in development of the breast ductal system?

A

Oestrogen

93
Q

Where does majority of breast lymphatic drainage lead?

A

Pectoral nodes in the axilla.

94
Q

Where does the breast tissue lie?

A

In superficial fascia (subcutaneous fat)

95
Q

Describe the lobular structure of the breast?

A

Numerous secretory lobules converge onto 15-20 lactiferous ducts

Gross anatomy (17 decks)

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