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Gross anatomy > Great vessels > Flashcards

Great vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Describe order of upper limb venous structures

A

Medial to lateral

A=abdomen, B =Basilic, C=Cephalic

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2
Q

Where does common carotid artery bifurcate?

A

C4

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3
Q

What are pulmonary and systemic blood pressure?

A

20/10

120/80

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4
Q

What are the upper limb pulses you can feel?

A 
Axillary artery (axilla)
Brachial artery (medial to biceps tendon at cubital fossa)
Ulnar and radial pulse
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5
Q

What are the pulses of the lower limb?

A

Femoral artery pulse (midinguinal point)

Popliteal artery (back of knee)

Posterior tibial artery (medial malleolus)

Dorsalis pedis artery (top of foot)

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6
Q

Describe 3 components of aorta?

A

Ascending
Aortic arch
Descending

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7
Q

What is the first structure to come off the ascending aorta?

A

Right and left coronary arteries

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8
Q

What structures come of the aortic arch?

A

Brachiocephalic vein

Left common carotid and left subclavian

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9
Q

What becomes of the brachiocephalic artery?

A

Right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery

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10
Q

What does subclavian arteries supply?

A

Upper limbs and parts of neck and chest wall (via anterior intercostal arteries)

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11
Q

What does descending thoracic aorta do?

A

Midline branches to bronchi and oesophagus (bronchial, oesophageal)

Segmental posterior intercostal arteries to chest wall

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12
Q

At what level does descending aorta divide?

A

L4

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13
Q

Is descending aorta to left or right of IVC?

A

Left

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14
Q

What level does IVC reform?

A

L5

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15
Q

What level do renal arteries come off?

A

L1

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16
Q

Describe arterial supply to head and neck

A

Left and right common carotid arteries each divide into internal and external carotid arteries

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17
Q

What do external carotid arteries branch off to?

A

Thyroid and facial artery

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18
Q

What is the difference between internal and external carotid?

A

Internal carotid has no branches in neck before it reaches skull

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19
Q

Where does vertebral artery branch off from, what does it supply?

A

Branch of subclavian.

Two vertebral arteries merge to form basilar artery which joins circle of Willis, supply posterior parts of the brain

20
Q

Describe the branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Coeliac artery to foregut (arises at T12)

Superior mesenteric artery arises at L1/2

Inferior mesenteric artery to hindgut (arises at L3)

21
Q

Describe how aorta divides in pelvic region

A

Divides to right and left common iliac artery at L4

22
Q

What happens to each common iliac artery?

A

Bifurcates to external iliac artery and internal iliac artery

23
Q

What happens to external iliac artery?

A

Passes under inguinal ligament to become femoral artery (supply lower limb)

24
Q

What happens to internal iliac arteries?

A

Supply pelvic organs and gluteal regions (gives off superior and inferior gluteal arteries)

25
Q

What anastomose supply head of femur?

A

Trochanteric anastomosis

26
Q

Describe the course of the left renal vein?

A

Passes in front of the abdominal aorta an under the superior mesenteric

27
Q

Which renal vein is longer?

A

Left

28
Q

Describe general innervation to arteries

A

Post ganglionic sympathetic fibres control arterial flow and pressure

29
Q

Describe venous drainage from the head?

A

Internal and external jugular veins

30
Q

Describe the difference between jugular veins

A

External jugular veins have no branches

31
Q

Which veins contribute to the brachiocephalic veins?

A

Subclavian and internal jugular

32
Q

How many brachiocephalic veins and how many brachiocephalic arteries?

A 
2 veins (L and R)
1 artery (R)
33
Q

Describe course of azgous vein

A

Drains posterior abdominal wall and joins to SVC after brachiocephalic veins converge to form SVC

34
Q

Describe the drainage of the alimentary tract/gut

A

Drained via hepatic portal vein (to liver) then hepatic veins drain to IVC

35
Q

Describe drainage of kidney, gonads, pelvic organs and lower limbs

A

Drain into IVC

36
Q

What does spleen drain into?

A

Hepatic portal venous system via Splenic vein DOESN’T drain IVC

37
Q

Do veins or arteries have more anastomoses?

A

Veins

38
Q

What do anastomoses between veins do?

A

Connect superficial and deep veins in lower limb

39
Q

Where are lymphatics found?

A

All vascularised tissues apart from brain and bone marrow and pulmonary alveoli

40
Q

Where does lymph return to blood vascular system?

A

At junction of subclavian and jugular veins

41
Q

Which have more valves, lymphatics or veins?

A

Lymphatics

42
Q

Describe innervation of veins

A

Innervated by post ganglionic sympathetic fibres which control their capacity

43
Q

Main vein draining head?

A

Internal jugular vein

44
Q

Where do gonad arteries arise from, why is this?

A

Aorta

Reflects developmental origin of gonads

45
Q

What does common carotid have?

A

Chemoreceptor and a baroreceptor

Gross anatomy (17 decks)

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