The Muscular System

Question 1

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 1

• Skeletal
• cardiac
• smooth

Question 2

How do muscle tissues differ?

Answer 2

cell structure
body location
how they are stimulated to contract

Question 3

All muscle cells are elongated which means they are called?

Answer 3

Muscle fibers

Question 4

What give muscle fibers the ability to shorten and contract?

Answer 4

depends on two types of myotllaments

Question 5

the prefix sarco means..

Answer 5

flesh

Question 6

the cytoplasm of a muscle cells is called …

Answer 6

saccoplasm

Question 7

skeletal muscles are also called …

Answer 7

strained muscle

Question 8

shape of skeletal muscles

Answer 8

shaped like cigars
multi nucleated calls
the largest of the muscle fiber types (up to 30 cm)

Question 9

What are the two types of thread like proteins within the sarcomeres?

Answer 9

Myosin (Dark)
Acting (Light)

Question 10

what do myofibrils give the muscle?

Answer 10

its stripped appearance.

Question 11

What is myosin?

Answer 11

The protein that makes up the thick myosin filaments
- contain ATPase enzymes
- splits ATP to generate the power for muscle contraction

Question 12

What does Calcium CA provide for contraction?

Answer 12

The final “GO” signal

Question 13

key words describing cardiac muscle

Answer 13

cardiac
strained
INVOLUNTARY

Question 14

Components of Cardiac fibers

Answer 14

• cushioned by small amounts of soft connective tissue
• arranged in spiral or figure 8- shaped bundles

Question 15

what is the Frontalis?

Answer 15

• covers the frontal bone
  -allows to raise eyebrows

Question 16

What are the orbicularis oculi?

Answer 16

• fibers that run in circles around the eyes
• it allows for closing of the eyes, squinting, blinking, WINKING

Question 17

What is the Buccinator muscle?

Answer 17

• A freshly muscle that runs horizontally across the cheek and inserts into the orbicularis oris
• it flattens the check (playing an instrument)
• CHEWING MUSCLE

Question 18

What is the orbicularis oris?

Answer 18

• the circular muscle around the lps
• lets us protrude the lips

Question 19

What is the zygomaticus muscle?

Answer 19

• extents from the corner of the mouth to the cheekbone.
• referred to as the smiling muscle

Question 20

What is the masseter muscle?

Answer 20

• covers the angle of the lower jaw as it runs from the zygomatic process of the temporal bone to the mandible.
• this muscle closes the jaw by elevating the mandible

Question 21

What is the platysma muscle

Answer 21

• single sheet-like muscle that covers the anterolateral neck
• it originates from the connective tissue covering of the chest muscles and inserts into the area around the mouth

Question 21

what is the temporalis muscle?

Answer 21

• fan shaped muscle overlying the temporal bone it inserts into the mandible and acts as a synergist of the masseter in closing the jaw

Question 21

action of the platysma muscle

Answer 21

to pull the corners of the mouth inferiority producing downward sag of the mouth.

Question 22

sternocleidomastoid cont. is the..

Answer 22

prayer muscle

Question 23

what is the pectoralis major?

Answer 23

a large fan shaped muscle covering the upper part of the chest
- located from the shoulder girdle and the first 6 ribs

Question 24

How does exhalation work?

Answer 24

the internal intercostals muscles which lie deep to the external intercostals, depress the rib cage, which helps in exhalation

Question 25

the muscles of the abdominal girdle are

Answer 25

1. rectus abdominis
2. external oblique
3. transverses

Question 26

Where do trapezius muscles extend?

Answer 26

extend the head

Question 27

traps are antagonists of the…

Answer 27

sternocleidomastoids

Question 28

traps can elevate depress adduct and stabilize the…

Answer 28

scapula

Question 29

what is the latissimus dorsi?

Answer 29

• large flat muscles that cover the lower back
• extents and adducts the humerus
• arm goes up and down

Question 30

what do the erector spinae group cont do?

Answer 30

these muscles help provide resistance that controls the action of bending over at the wasit
- go into spamsms after back injury
-source of lower back pain

Question 31

Deltoid muscles

Question 32

deltoid cont (characteristics)

Answer 32

• prime movers of arm abduction
• the origin winds across the shoulder girdle from the spine of the scapula to the clavicle
• it inserts into the proximal humerus