Skeletal System Flashcards
What is the order of vertebrae?
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
what are inter vertebral discs?
flexible fibrocartilage which separate the single vertebre
What does the axial skeleton include?
80 bones
bones, skull vertebral column, an rib cage
What are the 4 sutures?
Coronal
sagittal
squamous
lambdoid
What is the foreman Magnum?
Bone of occipital bone
surrounds the lover part of the brain (where the spinal cord connects)
What are occipital codyles?
rocker like and lateral to foramen
rest on the first vertebra of the spinal column
What is the sphenoid bone?
butterfly shape that spans the width of the skull
forms part of the floor of the cranial cavity
what is the Stella turcica?
small depression in the middle of the sphenoid bone
what is held in the Stella turcica?
pituitary gland
What is the Crista galli?
projects from it’s superior surface
the outermost covering of the brain attaches to this projection
What is cribriform plates?
small holes on each side of Crista galli
allows nerve fibers carrying impulses from the olfactory (smell) receptors of the hose to reach the brain.
how many facial bones are there?
14
12 paired
what are the two single bones of the face?
mandible
vomer
what are palatine bones?
paired bones lying posterior to the palatine processes of the maxillae
-form the posterior part of the hard palate
what is the clef palate?
failure to these or the palatine processes to fuse medially results in the clef plate
What are the lacrimal bones?
tear ducts
what is the interior conchae?
twin curved bones projecting from the lateral walls of nasal cavity
What bone is the conchae a part of?
the ethmoid bone
where the hyoid bone lie?
- not a part of skull
- closely related to the mandible and temporal bones
- doesn’t articulate directly with any other bone
features of the atlas
c1
no centrum
receives the occipital condyles of skull “yes”
features of axis?
c2
acts as a pivot for rotation of atlas and skull
what is alae? (sacrum)
- wing-like in shape
- articulates laterally with the hip bones forming the sacroiliac joints
- the sacrum forms the posterior wall of the pelvis
all facial bones except (BLANK) join the maxillae?
maxillary
is the maxillae the main bone of the face?
yes
where does the maxillae carry the upper teeth in?
alveolar margin
what are inter vertebral discs?
flexible fibrocartilage which separate the single vertebrae
vertebral discs prevent what?
shock to the head when walking and running
features of the body / centrum?
- disc like
- weight-bearing part of the vertebrae facing anteriorly in the cerebral column
features of the vertebral arch
- arch formed from the joining of all posterior extensions
- the laminae and pedicles from the vertebral body
features of the vertebral foreman
canal through which the spinal cord passes
features of the transverse processes
two lateral projections from the vertebral arch
features of the thoratic vertebrae
- larger than the cervical vertebrae
- heart shaped body
- has two costal demifacets (articulating surfaces) on each side
- receive the heads of the ribs
features of the lumbar vertebrae
- massive block like bodies
- short
- hatchet shaped spinous processes
- make them look like a moose head from the lateral aspect
what two things does the sacrum consist of?
sacral canal
coccyx
what is the sacral canal?
the cerebral Canal continuing inside the sacrum
sternum (flat) has three parts
the manubrium
the body
the xiphoid process
what is the coccyx?
- formed from the fusion of three to five tiny irregular shaped vertebrae
- it is the human tailbone
where is the sternum attached?
to the first seven pairs of ribs
what is the jugular notch?
concave upper border of the manubrium
it can be palpated (examined by touch) easily
what are TRUE ribs?
first 7 pairs
they attach directly to the sternum by costal cartilage
what are FALSE ribs?
the next 5 pairs
they either attach indirectly to the sternum or are not attached to the sternum at all
what are FLOATING ribs?
the last two pair of the false ribs do not attach to the sternum
what is the intercostal spaces between the ribs are filled with?
intercostal muscles that aid in breathing
