JOINTS Flashcards
What’s the only bone that doesn’t have a joint?
Hyoid bone neck
Synarthroses
are immovable joints
Amphiarthroses
are slightly movable joints
Diarthroses
are freely movable joints
What are Fibrous Joints?
Bone that are united by fibrous tissue
(sutures of the skull)
What are Synovial joints?
Those in which the articulating bone ends are separated by a joint cavity containing Synovial fluid
Are Synovial joints freely movable?
yes
What are 2 of the 4 features of a Synovial joint that you need to know?
- articulating cartilage
- fibrous articular capsule
what is articulating cartilage?
a type of cartilage which covers the ends of the bones forming the joint
what is the fibrous articular capsule
the joint surfaces are enclosed by a sleeve or capsule of fibrous connective tissue.
the capsule is lined with a smooth Synovial membrane
What is the Bursae?
flattened fibrous sacs lined with Synovial membrane and containing a thin film of synovial fluid
What is the tendon sheath?
an elongated bursa which wraps completely around a tendon subjected to friction
plain joint
glides
wrist
nonaxial
hinge joint (elbow)
-the cylindrical end of one bone fits into a tough-shaped surface of another bone
-angular movement is allowed in one plane
-uniaxial
pivot joint
-rounded end of the bone fits into a sleeve or ring of bone
-uniaxial
condyloid joint
knuckle
bi axial
forms egg shaped articular surface of one bone fits into a oval concavity in another bone
-allow the moving bone to travel from side to side and also back and forth
ball and socket joint
multiaxial
what are sprains?
result when ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn
common sprain areas
lumbar region of spine
ankle
knee
Dislocations or luxation
occur when bones are forced out of alignment
sprains, inflammation
saddle joint
thumb
biaxial
example of a cartilage injury
tearing of the menisci
semilunar cartilage pad
stays torn bec its avascular
what is arthroscopic suguery?
removal of central nonvascular part of damaged cartilage
what is bursitis?
inflammation of a Bursae usually caused by a blow or friction
can be caused by leaning on one’s elbow damaging the Bursae close to the olecranon process
what is tendinitis?
inflammation of tendon sheaths typically caused by overuse
treatment- rest, ice, antiinflammatory drugs
what is arthritis
disease that damage the joints
affects 1/7 americans
what is osteoarthritis?
the most common chronic long term arthritis.
wear and tear arthritis
most prevalent in the aged
not always inflammatory
what is rheumatoid arthritis?
the initial trigger of this reaction is unknown but the streptococcus bacterium and viruses have been suspect
