Skeletal System PT 2 Flashcards
What Is the clavicle?
collar bone
slender doubly curved bone
Where is the clavicle attached?
manubrium of the sternum medially and to the scapula laterally
- helps form the shoulder joint
What is the scapula?
- shoulder blades
- triangular and called wings
- they flare when arms are moved poteriorly
What are the two important processes of the scapula?
acromion
coracoid process
what is acromion?
- the enlarged end of the spine of the scapula
- it connects with the clavicle laterally to form the acromioclavicular joint
what is the coracoid process?
- points over the top of the shoulder
- anchors some of the muscles of the arm
what is the glednoid cavity?
the shallow socket where the head of the bone is in.
- the shoulder girdle has exceptional flexibility
- can be easily dislocated
characteristics of greater and lesser tubercles
-two bony projections opposite the head
- sites of muscle attachment
what two bones make up the forearm?
radius (thumb) (lateral)
Ulna (medial) (pinky side)
structure of hand
8 carpals
5 metacarpals
14 phalanges
bony pelvis structure
pelvic girdle
sacrum
coccyx
coxal bones
ossa coxane
what does the illium in the coxal hip bone connect to?
posteriorly with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint
- large flat bone that makes up most of the hip
false pelvis
-superior to the true pelvis
- area medial to the flaring portions of the illia
female pelvic girdle vs male
female
- sacrum is shorter and less curved
- ischial spines are shorter and farther apart, thus the invite is larger
- pubic arch is more rounded because the angle of the pubic arch is greater
what is the only bone in the thigh and is the strongest bone of the human body?
femur
characteristics of femur
ball like head articulating with the socket of the hip bone
what comes after the head of femur?
the neck (common fracture location for the elderly)
What’s the purpose of the femur medially slanting running downward to join with the leg bones?
beings the knees in line with the body’s center of gravity
distally on the femur are the…
lateral and medial condyles
the lateral and medial condyles articulate with the…
tibia of the lower leg
anteriorly on the distal femur is the ( ) which forms the joint with the ( ).
patellar surface
patella
two leg bones
tibia (shin bone, larger, more medial)
fibula
what holds the tibia and fibular together?
interosseous membrane
what are at the proximal ends of the leg bones?
medial and lateral condyles
what ti medial and lateral condyles do?
articulate with the distal end of the femur to form the knee joint
what is it when there forms the inner budge of the ankle?
medial malleolus
fibula characteristics
lies alongside the tibia and forms joints with both proximally and distally
-thin and sticklike
-has no part in forming the knee joint
what is the lateral malleolus?
distal end of fibula
forms the outer part of the ankle
Tarsus (tarsals of the foot)
- forms the posterior half of the foot
- composed of seven tarsals
foot structure
5 metatarsals
14 phalangies
30 in each leg
is the foot considers a part of the leg?
yes
-weak arches = flat fleet or taller arches
