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Biomed > The meninges and cerebrospinal fluid > Flashcards

The meninges and cerebrospinal fluid Flashcards

1
Q

What is the scientific term for the skull bones?

A

The cranium

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2
Q

What is between the brain and the cranium?

A

Three layers known as the meninges

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3
Q

What are the names of the meninges?

A
  1. Dura mater
  2. Arachnoid mater
  3. Pia mater
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4
Q

What are the features of the dura mater?

A
  1. very thick fibrous protective layer lining the cranial bones
  2. comprised of two layers closely adherent to eachother
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5
Q

What is the arachnoid mater?

A

A thin layer on the inner surface of the dura mater

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6
Q

What is below the arachnoid mater?

A

The sub-arachnoid space

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7
Q

What is in the arachnoid space?

A
  1. thin collagen filaments extending between the aracnoid mater and pia mater
  2. cerebrospinal fluid
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8
Q

What is CSF?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

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9
Q

What is the pia mater?

A

thin layer in direct contact with brain and spinal cord which closely follows the contours of most of the brain’s sulci and gyri

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10
Q

What is special about the pia mater?

A

It is vascularised - blood vessels are carried to and from the brain in this layer

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11
Q

What are the functions of CSF?

A
  1. cushion and protect the brain and spinal cord (brain has reduced weight because is floating)
  2. diffusion of nutrients into the brain and waste out of the brain
  3. used as an indicator of CO2 levels
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12
Q

How can CSF be removed?

A

with a spinal tap

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13
Q

Where is CSF made?

A

by the choroid plexus in the ventricles of the brain

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14
Q

What are the brain’s ventricles?

A

spaces or chambers in the brain. There are 2 lateral ventricles (R + L), one ‘third’ ventricle, and one ‘fourth’ ventricle

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15
Q

Where is CSF reabsorbed?

A

Back into the cardiovascular system in the venous system

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16
Q

How much CSF is present at any given time?

A

about 120-150ml

17
Q

How often is CSF replaced?

A

About 6 times a day

18
Q

What is the role of the blood-brain barrier?

A

Very tightly regulates the transport of molecules in and out of the CNS. Prevents blood cell, plasma components, and pathogens from entering the brain

19
Q

How are the capillaries in the brain specially adapted?

A
  1. tight junctions to prevent water-soluble agents passing into the cerebral tissue
  2. surrounded by astrocytes as a partly effective barrier
20
Q

What is the purpose of the dura folds?

A
  1. provide space for the drainage of venous blood (the venous sinuses)
  2. creates folds that separate and ‘encase’ regions of the brain
21
Q

What is the falx ceribri?

A
  1. vertical dural fold between cerebral hemispheres
  2. stabilises brain movement from L to R
22
Q

What are the tentorium cerebelli?

A
  1. 2 horizontal dural folds over the cerebellum
  2. separate occipital and temporal lobes
  3. stabilises brain when head moved forwards and backwards

Biomed (29 decks)

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