Head and neck Flashcards
What are the main features of the neck?
- hyoid bone
- cricoid cartilage
- thyroid cartilage
- lower border of mandible
- cricothyroid membrane
- sternocleidomastoid
- tracheal rings
What are the skeletal components of the neck?
- cervical vertebrae
- mandible
- hyoid bone
- thyroid cartilage
- cricoid cartilage
- tracheal rings
Which cervical vertebrae are important for attachment and rotation of the skull?
C1 and C2
What does C1 do?
articulates with occipital condyles on base of skull to allow nodding motion
What is the other name of C1?
atlas
What is the other name of C2?
axis
How is a shaking head motion acheived?
The atlas articulates with the axis to allow rotation
What are the triangles of the neck?
the topographic areas of the neck bounded by the neck muscles
What are the two major triangles of the neck?
the anterior triangle and posterior triangle
What divides the neck into the anterior and posterior triangles?
The sternocleidomastoid muscle
Where does the sternocleidomastoid muscle originate?
the upper edge of the sternum and the clavicle
What does the sternocledomastoid muscle do?
- when one side contracts, it tilts the head to the same side and turns the face to the opposite side
- when R and L contract together they pull the head forwards
What CN supplies the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius?
the spinal accessory nerve - CNX1
What are the main structures in the anterior triangle of the neck?
- suprahyoid muscles
- infrahyoid muscle
- carotid sheath
What do the suprahyoid muscles do?
- attach hyoid to mandible
- imp for moving the hyoid bone in speech and swallowing
What does the infrahyoid muscle do?
attaches hyoid bone to sternum, thyroid cartilage, and scapula