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H211 > The Medieval World - Part 2 > Flashcards

The Medieval World - Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Hundred Years’ War (Date)

A

A.D. 1337 - 1453

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2
Q

Combatantants in the Hundred Years’ War

A

England and France

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3
Q

The Plague devastates Europe (first main wave)
(Date)

A

A.D. 1347 - 1352

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4
Q

Another name for the Plague

A

The Black Death

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5
Q

The Renaissance (using a broad time span)
(Date)

A

A.D. 1350 - 1600

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6
Q

The Great Western Schism (Date)

A

A.D. 1378 - 1417

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7
Q

Movable metal type used in printing (Date [approx.])

A

c. 1440s

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8
Q

“Made” the movable type printing press

A

Johann Gutenberg

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9
Q

Spanish Inquisition

A

Organized under the RC monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella to combat heresy; its methods included torture, confiscation, and burning

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10
Q

The Black Death

A

A combination of bubonic and pneumonic plagues

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11
Q

Major European shipping port and point of entry [for the plague]

A

Sicily

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12
Q

True or False: The Plague happened in one massive sweep

A

False; it was episodic

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13
Q

Cause of the plague

A

A bacterium; unscientific medieval Europeans had no true idea what was causing the carnage

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14
Q

The transmission of the bubonic plague

A

Fleas carried by rats

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15
Q

The transmission of the pneumonic plague

A

Coughing or sneezing

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16
Q

One response to the Black Death

A

Flagellants sought a purging by flogging themselves

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17
Q

True or False: The Black Death may have weakened the RCC & paved the way for reformation

A

True

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18
Q

Avignon Papacy

A

The Bishop of Rome (Pope) moves from Rome to Avignon, France; under the control of French kings

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19
Q

RCC Developments

A
  1. Patronage [certain offices in the church were reserved for the papacy to fill]
  2. Pluralism [an individual might become the holder of more than one church office]
  3. Absenteeism [receive income from an office but never fill it, using a clerk for the duties]
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20
Q

The Great Western Schism

A

Pope Clement [VII, the Avignon pope] took up arms against Pope Urban [VI, the Roman pope] & attacked Rome. He was repulsed and fled to Avignon. There was one pope in Avignon and one in Rome.

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21
Q

Solution to the Great Western Schism

A

The Conciliar Movement

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22
Q

True or False: The Conciliar Movement eventually ended the RCC multi-pope dilemma

A

True

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23
Q

The Councils of the Conciliar Movement

A

The Pisa Council and the Council of Constance

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24
Q

The Conciliar Movement

A

The notion that a universal council, representing the entire church, had more authority than the pope

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25
Q

The Pisa Council

A

The Cardinals selected a new pope [to replace both Clement and Urban]

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26
Q

The problem with the Pisa Council’s solution

A

The two other popes refused to accept the decision of the council, creating three popes (Roman pope, Avignon pope, Conciliar pope)

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27
Q

The Council of Constance

A

2 of the competing popes [Roman and Conciliar] were deposed or resigned.

28
Q

Translated the first English Bible

A

John Wycliffe

29
Q

Prague professor charged and tried with heresy, convicted, and burned at the stake

30
Q

“Winner” of the Hundred Years’ War

31
Q

Combatants in the Hundred Years’ War

A

England and France

32
Q

Joan of Arc

A

Burned at the stake by the English and abandoned to her state by the French king

33
Q

True or False: Joan of Arc was never canonized

34
Q

Results of the Hundred Years’ War

A

Increased nationalism
England and France established as clearly distinct nations

35
Q

Won the War of Roses

A

Henry Tudor

36
Q

Henry Tudor’s eldest son

37
Q

True or False: Arthur Tudor died

38
Q

The Spanish “Catholic Sovereigns”

A

Ferdinand and Isabella

39
Q

Completed the Reconquista

A

Ferdinand and Isabella

40
Q

Purpose of the Reconquista

A

A “crusade” designed to oust Muslims who had invaded Spain

41
Q

Meaning of reconquista

A

“re-conquest”

42
Q

Electors

A

In Germany; princes of the Holy Roman Empire who held the right to elect the Holy Roman Emperor (aka the German king)

43
Q

Meaning (and origin) of “Renaissance”

A

“Rebirth” (French)

44
Q

Name for the Renaissance when it moved across the Alps

A

The Northern Renaissance

45
Q

The High Renaissance

A

The time when artistic work reached a “peak” of perfection

46
Q

Aspects of the Renaissance

A
  1. Humanism
  2. Secularism
  3. Individualism
47
Q

Humanism

A

A term with multiple dimensions; a cultural movement that emphasized rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman ideal/values

48
Q

In emphasizing secular concerns, did the Renaissance seek to fully exclude God?

49
Q

Individualism

A

A school of thought emphasizing the importance of the individual

50
Q

Where the Renaissance began

A

Northern Italy

51
Q

Patronage

A

Sponsorship

52
Q

How the arts were sponsored in the Renaissance

A

The disposable income of Italian leaders

53
Q

The heart/cultural centre of Renaissance life

54
Q

Another name for Florence

55
Q

How Gutenberg’s movable metal type worked

A

He made single letters and words out of metal which could be combined in trays to form words or sentences

56
Q

Ruled Florence (individual)

A

Cosimo de Medici

57
Q

How the de Medici family made its money

58
Q

Renaissance man (individual)

A

Leonardo da Vinci

59
Q

Renaissance man (meaning)

A

A multi-talented person

60
Q

Preached against papal immorality

A

Girolamo Savonarola

61
Q

Dutch scholar; the “Prince of Humanists”

A

Desiderius Erasmus

62
Q

Wrote The Prince

A

Niccolo Machiavelli

63
Q

Emphasis of The Prince

A

What is effective over what is ethical

64
Q

Paints the Sistine Chapel’s ceiling

A

Michelangelo Buonarotti

65
Q

Painted The School of Athens

A

Raphael [Raffaello Sanzio]

66
Q

Playwright whose works provide a study on human personality

A

William Shakespeare

H211 (11 decks)

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