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H211 > Early Christianity > Flashcards

Early Christianity Flashcards

1
Q

Birth of Jesus (Date)

A

c. 5 - 4 B.C.

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2
Q

Jesus’ crucifixion and resurrection

A

c. A.D. 30 (case for A.D. 33 possible)

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3
Q

When the Edict of Milan was passed

A

A.D. 313

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4
Q

Edict guaranteeing religious freedom across the Roman Empire, especially Christians

A

Edict of Milan

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5
Q

A.D. 325

A

Council of Nicaea (first) articulates position on the essence of Jesus

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6
Q

A.D. 367

A

Athanasius outlines a statement on the NT canon

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7
Q

Heretical teaching that Jesus was not divine but merely an exceptional human being

A

Arianism

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8
Q

Theories against the Resurrection

A

Swoon/Semi-coma theory
Vision/Hallucination theory
Wrong tomb theory
Fraud theory

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9
Q

[Late 18th C.] School of thought claiming that Jesus never lived but was invented

A

“Christ-myth” School

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10
Q

Non-Christian/Pagan witness to the historicity of Jesus

A

Roman Annals by Cornelius Tacitus

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11
Q

“They got their name from Christ, who was executed by sentence of the procurator Pontius Pilate in the reign of Tiberius.”

A

Cornelius Tacitus in his Roman Annals

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12
Q

True or False: Had Jesus never existed, the Jews easily could have questioned his existence, but they never did.

A

True

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13
Q

Reasons for Roman persecution of Christians

A
  1. Viewed to be disloyal subjects of the Empire, treasonous
  2. Thought to be atheists
  3. Lifestyle charply contrasted Roman culture (particularly the upper class; Christians refused to go to the arena, theatres, or public baths)
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14
Q

Emperor of the first empire-wide persecution

A

Decius

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15
Q

Emperor of “The Great Persecution”

A

Diocletian

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16
Q

Issued the Edict of Milan

A

Constantine and Licinius

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17
Q

Made Christianity the Roman Empire’s state religion

A

Theodosius

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18
Q

Significant reason for the spread of Christianity

A

It appealed across all classes and genders of society, especially the downtrodden

19
Q

Early Christians that sought to defend or explain Christianity

A

Apologists

20
Q

Early Christians to attack heretical ideas

A

Polemicists

21
Q

[Chief] defect found among church fathers

A

Sacerdotalism

22
Q

Sacerdotalism

A

The power of the priest as an essential mediator between God and man

23
Q

Signified the end of the “pilgrim church” era

A

Coucil of Nicaea

24
Q

True or False: The bishops attended the Council of Nicaea, but Constantine was absent.

A

False; both were present

25
Q

How many positions on Jesus’ deity were discussed at Nicaea?

A

3

26
Q

Argued that Jesus was a created being at Nicaea

A

Arius

27
Q

Argued that Jesus has the same essence as the Father at Nicaea

A

Athanasius

28
Q

Argued a middle position on Jesus’ deity at Nicaea, that he was of similar essence to the Father

A

Eusebius of Caesarea

29
Q

Representatives of the three Christological positions at Nicaea

A

Arius
Athanasius
Eusebius of Caesarea

30
Q

Bishop of Milan; [put Theodosius I under] church discipline [for murdering thousands in Thessalonica]

A

Ambrose

31
Q

Produced the Vulgate

A

Jerome

32
Q

Authorized Catholic Bible

A

Vulgate

33
Q

Language of the Vulgate

A

[Common] Latin

34
Q

Apocrypha

A

14 books of the LXX not part of the OT; rejected as canonical by Protestants and Jews

35
Q

Bishop of Hippo

A

Augustine

36
Q

Emphasized God’s sovereign calling of the elect

A

Augustine

37
Q

Developed a Christian philosophy of history

A

Augustine

38
Q

Championed the Whole Tenor Principle

A

Augustine

39
Q

[Whole Tenor Principle]

A

[no section of Scripture should be interpreted apart from the whole of Scripture; likewise, no teaching contrary to the general tenor of the Scriptures should be developed from any particular passage]

40
Q

Monasticism

A

A way of life that emphasizes certain aspects: life in community, celibacy, poverty, worship

41
Q

Asceticism

A

Practice of strict self-denial, adopted by monastics

42
Q

Monk focused on poverty, chastity, and obedience

A

Benedict of Nursia

43
Q

Positive element of monasticism

A

Monastic schools were the seat of learning/[knowledge] preservation

44
Q

Negative aspect of monasticism

A

Developed false standards of holiness

H211 (11 decks)

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