The Language of Chemistry

Question 1

What are the 4 main groups of organic chemistry?

Answer 1

1) Hydrocarbons
2) Containing Oxygen
3) Containing Nitrogen
4) Containing Sulphur

Question 2

carbonyl group = carboxylic acid

Answer 2

C double bond O and same C single bond to O-H

Question 3

Ester and Ether

Answer 3

Ether DO NOT contain carbonyl group
Ester MOTE reactive - because of polarity

Question 4

Amide v Amine

Answer 4

Amine is an ammonia derivative in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, while Amide is an amine derivative of carboxylic acid.

A sigma bond joins a carbonyl carbon atom to a nitrogen atom bonded by hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms.

Question 5

Aspirin - recognise the FGs

Answer 5

Hydrocarbon - benzene ring
Oxygen - ester group + Carboxylic acid
Nitrogen - x
Sulphur - x

Question 6

Terbutaline (relives asthma condition)

Answer 6

Hydrocarbon - 3 methyl groups/ aromatic ring/ 3 methyl groups attached to a carbon atom form a tert-Buthyl group
Oxygen - Phenolic OH group/ Phenol/ Alcoholic OH group ROH, secondary alcohol
Nitrogen - secondary amine
Sulphur - x

Question 7

How are organic compounds sorted?

Answer 7

Prefix - Can be one or more, additional info e.g. substituents, other functional groups, cyclic molecule

Parent - Length (number C) of main chain

Infix - Unsaturation of
main chain
(single, double, triple C-C bond)

Suffix - Dominant functional group + its position if needed

Question 8

Carbon chain length - LEARN up to 7

Answer 8

meth
eth
prop
but
pent
hex
hept

Question 9

prop - singel, double, triple bond?

Answer 9

PronANE, PropENE, PryopYNE