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Clin Med 1 > The Knee > Flashcards

The Knee Flashcards

0
Q

unhappy triad is?

A

ACL, MCL, medial meniscus

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1
Q

results from knee flexion w/ foot planted and lateral impact

A

MCL injury

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2
Q

specialized exam for MCL injury?

A

Valgus Stress Test

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3
Q

gradation for MCL injury

A

0-4
0 is = to other knee
4 = > 20 mm medial joint space

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4
Q

tibial internal rotation and medial impact results in?

A

LCL sprain

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5
Q

LCL sprain specialized exam

A

Varus stress test

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6
Q

feeling/hearing a pop, immediate/transient pain, swelling, feeling of instability
planting/cutting, straight knee landing, one-step stop landing w/ knee hyperextended

A

ACL injury

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7
Q

rapid deceleration, weight bearing, twist/pivot

A

ACL injury

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8
Q

3 specialized exams for ACL injury

A

Lachman Test
Alternate Lachman Test
Anterior drawer test

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9
Q

Anterior impact w/ knee flexed at 90*, possibly hyperextension & rotation

A

PCL injury

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10
Q

Specialized exams for PCL injury?

A

Posterior drawer test

Posterior sag sign

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11
Q

due to excessive rotational force (femur on tibia)

A

meniscal injuries

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12
Q

joint line pain, inability to fully extend knee (described as “locking”), walking up & down stairs, difficult & painful squatting

A

meniscal injuries

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13
Q

which meniscus is more susceptible to injuries

A

medial meniscus

greater forces medially, less mobile structure than lateral meniscus

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14
Q

specialized exam for meniscal injury

A

McMurray test

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15
Q

McMurray results and the indications

A

medially rotate tibia: pain due to loose fragment of lateral meniscus
laterally rotate tibia: pain due to loose fragment of medial meniscus

16
Q

anterior pain under the patella, pain worse going up & down stairs. Symptoms at a peak after sitting for a long time

A

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

17
Q

irritation of cartilage underneath the patella due to the imbalance of quadriceps strength or recurrent patellar subluxation

A

Patellofemoral pain syndrome

18
Q

associated w/ running, jumping, cutting, quadriceps m. use, repetitive stress disease

A

Osgood-Schlatter Disease

19
Q

inflammation & irritation of patellar tendon insertion on tibial tubercle
focal tenderness to tibial tubercle, enlargement of bony protrusion
symptoms may wax and wane

A

Osgood-Schlatter Disease

20
Q

Patellofemoral pain syndrome treatment

A

strengthen quads, NSAIDs, stretching

21
Q

complication of Osgood-Schlatter disease

A

painful nonunion will develop if intervening gap fills with fibrous tissue

22
Q

Osgood-Schlatter tx (4)

A

Activity avoidance
Quad/hamstring stretches
NSAIDs, ice
Chopat strap if they can’t avoid the activity

23
Q

patellar tendon inflammation from repetitive trauma

A

Patellar Tendonitis (Jumper’s Knee)

24
Q

patellar tendonitis tx

A

Ice, NSAIDs, bracing/strapping, rest
Activity modification
PT
steroid injection not recommended

25
Q

what structures are usually involved in a knee fracture

A

distal femur, proximal tibia, patella

26
Q

sudden eccentric contraction of the quadriceps, usually with the foot planted & the knee flexed as the person falls

A

patellar tendon rupture

27
Q

foot planted, knee flexed as the person falls
popping/tearing sound/sensation, immediate swelling, difficulty rising and bearing weight. Can’t extend knee or maintain terminal extension
Patella alta

A

Patellar tendon rupture

28
Q

Patellar tendon rupture tx

A

Immediate surgical repair

29
Q

acute knee pain, swelling, functional loss following a stumble/fall. Suprapatellar swelling, ecchymosis & tenderness are present, w/ low-lying patella

A

Quadriceps tendon rupture

30
Q

rapid, eccentric contraction of the quadriceps muscle, w/ the foot planted and the knee partially flexed, commonly occurs during falls
poor extension, buckling of the knee, difficulty w/ stairs, absent patellar reflex

A

quadriceps tendon rupture

31
Q

poor extension, buckling of the knee, difficulty with stairs, absent patellar reflex

A

quadriceps tendon rupture

32
Q

quadriceps tendon rupture tx

33
Q

types of knee bursitis (4)

A

prepatellar, suprapatellar, infrapatellar, pes anserine

34
Q

bursitis tx (3)

A

Avoid triggers/overuse
NSAIDs
Steroid injections

35
Q

Anterior knee pain causes (5)

A 
quadriceps/patellar tendons
patellofemoral pain syndrome
bursitis
patellar fx/dislocation
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
36
Q

Medial knee pain causes (3)

A

MCL
medial meniscus
pes anserine bursitis

37
Q

Lateral knee pain causes (3)

A

LCL
IT band syndrome
lateral meniscus

38
Q

Posterior knee pain causes (2)

A

Baker’s cyst

DVT

Clin Med 1 (18 decks)

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