Shoulder Injuries Flashcards
inflammation associated with repetitive trauma during every day shoulder movement.
Risk factor: repetitive overhead activity
tendonitis
chronic degeneration of the muscles w/ age
pain despite lack of inflammation
tendonosis
pain that comes on gradually, deep ache in the lateral shoulder that radiates to the deltoid- point tenderness. Painful ROM, improves w/ analgesics
tendonitis
what can be the result of tendonitis progression, impingement, & degeneration?
Chronic tear of the rotator cuff
Shoulder pain that is worse at night. Worsening pain with gradual weakness. Weakness does not improve with analgesics. Decreased ROM, especially abduction
Chronic rotator cuff tear
what is the specialized exam for a chronic rotator cuff tear?
drop arm sign
acute shoulder pain w/ negative radiographs
acute tear
etiologies of acute tear (2)
trauma, pathology
What are the specialized exams for rotator cuff injuries? (6)
Apley’s scratch test, empty can test, lift off test, Hawkin’s test, Neer’s impingement sign
what is the most commonly involved muscle in rotator cuff injuries?
Supraspinatus
Treatment of a rotator cuff injury? (5)
ice anterolaterally, NSAIDs if appropriate
weighted pendulum stretching for 5 min to maintain ROM
restrict overhead motions
shoulder immobilizer for very short duration- PT afterwards
subacromial steroid injection- rest afterwards
stiffened glenohumeral joint
Frozen Shoulder/Adhesive Capsulitis
Chronic shoulder pain w/ decreased ROM, rigid immobility
Frozen shoulder/adhesive capsulitis
frozen shoulder tx (2)
intense PT to stretch the joint lining & restore ROM
some will require surgery to remove adhesions
shoulder pain w/ abduction, flexion, & internal rotation. Subacromial tenderness. Normal glenohumeral ROM, preserved strength
Shoulder impingement syndrome
shoulder impingement syndrome etiology
compression of the rotator cuff tendons & the subacromial bursa between the humeral head and lateral edge of acromion process
shoulder impingement syndrome complications? (3)
bursitis
rotator cuff tendonitis
degenerative changes
hallmark sign of shoulder impingement syndrome?
pain reproduced by the painful arc of flexion-internal rotation manuevers
tests for shoulder impingement syndrome? (3)
Neer’s, Hawkin’s impingement tests
MRI to r/o cuff tear
Shoulder impingement syndrome treatments (4)
ice, activity changes
NSAIDs
PT
possible corticosteroid injections
bump on the shoulder that is worse at bedtime, AC joint tenderness, pain increases w/ downward traction
Acromioclavicular Injury