The immune system Flashcards
What is a antigen?
substances on foreign agents that causing a immune response.
What are the the different acquired immunity?
cell mediated immune response
humoral immune response
What cells are used by the cell mediated response?
T cells.
they originate in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus gland.
How do T-cells destroy antigens?
They learn (with the help of macrophages) to attack only antigens. Some secrete substances that activate macrophages. (T4, Th or T helper)
What cells are used by the humoral immunity response?
B cells.
also originate in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus.
How do the B-cells destroy antigens?
They make antibodies. antibodies are designed to attack a specific antigen
In which ways do antibodies destroy antigen bearing particles?
lysis-
Opsonization-making the particle more susceptable for phagocytosis
agglutination- clumping of antigen bearing cells
Chemotaxis- attracting other cells to destroy antigen bearing cells
Inflammation- migrating cells, release of fluids and dialation of blood vessels
what is a plasma cell?
an activated antibody secreting B-cell
What cells are produced after the primary response?
Memory cells.
they are produced by Tcells and Bcells after the primary response. this makes the secondary response a lot quicker.
What are the organs of the immune system?
Bone marrow- produce B and T cells
Thymus -produce thymosin(stimulate T cell activity)
lymph nodes
spleen
What is the function of the lymph nodes?
filter foriegn particles from lymph by phagocytosis
storage and proliferation of B and T cells and antibody production
What is the function of the spleen?
Located in the upper left portion of the abdominal cavity it has white and red pulp
White pulp is white blood cells that filter
damaged red blood cells
cellular debris
foreign particles from blood
red pulp has a high concentration of blood
