The heart amd blood vessels

Question 1

What is the heart

Answer 1

an organ that pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system

Question 2

Blood journey

Answer 2

deoxygenated blood goes into right atrium from vena cava, right atrium, contracts, deoxygenated blood from right atrium moves to right ventricle through the atrioventricular valves. The right ventricle contracts, deoxygenated blood moves from right ventricle through semilunar valves to the pulmonary artery and into the lungs for this to happen, atrioventricular valve closes anchored by heart strings and right ventricle relaxes oxygenated blood from the lungs goes to the left atrium from the pulmonary vein, the left ventricle relaxes the left atrium contracts and the oxygenated blood goes through the atrioventricular valves to the left ventricle the left ventricle contracts. The blood moves through the semi lunar valves out the aorta, where it is then distributed to the organs.

Question 3

What is the coronary artery

Answer 3

Where heart receives oxygen and glucose for respiration from blood brought through ca

Question 4

What is heart rate controlled by

Answer 4

A group of cells in Right Atrium

Question 5

Features of an artery

Answer 5

thick, elastic walls, small lumen, takes blood from heart, high-pressure, causes, pulse, not permeable, no valves, oxygenated blood, except pulmonary

Question 6

Features of veins

Answer 6

Thin wall, large lumen, blood to heart, therefore, low pressure, and smooth flow, not permeable, valves, prevent, backflow, deoxygenated blood, not pulmonary

Question 7

Features of capillaries

Answer 7

Single cell wall, takes blood from artery to vein, reduces pressure, therefore no pulse, permeable, no valves, blood loses oxygen 

Question 8

What is suspended in plasma

Answer 8

Red, white blood cells and platelets

Question 9

Red blood cell function?

Answer 9

carry oxygen from lungs to body cells- really small, bio, concave, large surface area carries haemoglobin, no nucleus 

Question 10

White blood cell function

Answer 10

Protect body against infection- irregular shaped to go through blood vessels to get to site of infection. Increase numbers to fight disease has cytoplasm. 

Question 11

Platelets function?

Answer 11

Help clotting at wounds and change to star shape

Question 12

Haemoglobin

Answer 12

A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to you organs and tissues and transports carbon dioxide from your organs and tissues back to your lungs

Question 13

Oxyhemoglobin

Answer 13

a bright red substance formed by haemoglobinand oxygen present in oxygenated blood. Found in kings as alveoli give oxygen to blood found in pulmonary capillaries

Question 14

Benefits and negative of an artificial valve

Answer 14

Advantage no rejection disadvantage can damage red blood cells and anticlotting drugs I needed

Question 15

benefits and negatives of biological valves

Answer 15

Advantage red blood cells don’t get damaged disadvantage. Valves can Harden which will need replacing

Question 16

benefits and negatives of stents

Answer 16

Advantage little risk disadvantage fatty deposit can rebuild

Question 17

benefits and negatives of bypass surgery

Answer 17

Advantage, no rejection disadvantage, major surgery

Question 18

benefits and negatives of Statins

Answer 18

Advantage, reduce cholesterol, disadvantage, possible, liver damage

Question 19

benefits and negatives of an artificial pacemaker

Answer 19

Advantage, no major surgery disadvantage immune system may reject it needing replacement

Question 20

benefits and negatives of heart transplant

Answer 20

Advantage, better quality of life, disadvantage, major surgery, antirejection drugs, needed shortage of donors

Question 21

Function of blood plasma

Answer 21

Carbon dioxide from organs to the lungs.

Soluble products of digestion from the small intestine to other organs. Urea from the liver to the kidneys.

Question 22

coronary, heart, disease, a noncommunicable disease

Answer 22

layers of fatty material buildup inside the coronary arteries. This reduces the flow of blood through the coronary arteries resulting in lack of oxygen for the heart. Muscle stents can be used to keep our coronary arteries open.