Homeostasis and response Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a constant internal environment
What is homeostasis needed for?
Enzyme action and cell functions
What does homeostasis control?
Blood glucose conc, body temp, water levels
What do all control systems contain?
Receptors, coordination centres, effectors
What does the nervous system do?
Allows us to react to our surroundings and coordinate actions in response to stimuli
What are the 4 stages of coordinating responses?
- Receptor cells convert stimulus to electrical impulses
- Electrical impulse travels along sensory neurones to CNS
3.Info is processed and response is coordinated, electrical impulses are sent down motor neurones to effectors - effectors carry our response
What is different for a reflex?
The information travels down the reflex arc pathway in order for it to be done quickly
What are synapses
Gaps between 2 neurons
What do synapses do?
When the impulse reaches the end of one neurone, a chemical diffuses across the synapse which triggers the impulse to pass through the next neurone
What does the cerebral cortex do?
Controls consciousness, intelligence, memory, language; putter oart
Cerebellum function?
Controls fine movement; rounded structure towards bottom/ back of brain
What does the medulla do?
Controls unconscious actions like breathing and heart rate; found in brain stem in front of cerebellum
Why is it difficult to investigate brain function and disease?
Because it’s complex and delicate, easily damaged, drugs given to treat disease can’t always reach the brian due to surrounding membrane, functions of parts aren’t fully understood
How do neuroscientists study the brain?
Study patients with brain damage, electrically stimulating different parts, MRI
What are the 6 key parts of the eyes?
Retina, optic nerve, sclera, cornea, Iris, Ciliary muscle and suspensory ligaments
