The Heart Flashcards
Location
In Plaural cavity - Mediastinum - Pericardiac cavity
- 60% to the left
- Basis to the left
- Apex to the right
Attachment
EQ, RU:
Sternum –> Pericardium of the heart
= Lig. Sternopericardiacum
CA, SU:
Diaphragma –> Pericardium of the Heart
= Lig. Phrenicopericardium
Heart and Pericardium layers
- Plaura Pariettalis
- Plaura Mediastinalis = Mediastinum
Inside MEDIASTINUM:
=> PERICARDIUM
- Pericardium Fibrosum
- Pericardium Serosum
- Lamina Pariettalis
- Cavum Pericardii
- Lamina Visceralis
+
EPICARDIUM
MYOCARDIUM
ENDOCARDIUM
Sinuses
1. Sinus Transversus Pericardii (fascies auricularis) - Pericardial sprace btw: AORTA TR. Pulmonalis ATRIAL wall
- Sinus Obliquus Pericardi
(fascies atrialis)
- Pouch btw vv. pulmonalis and LA
Fascies
- Facsies AURICULARIS
2. Fascies ATRIALIS
Facsies AURICULARIS
Cran/dex - LEFT - Facsies AURICULARIS –> Caud/sin
= Arterial side
. Sulcus interventricularis Paraconalis
- Auricula
LEFT: 2* Auricula (dexter+sinister) Truncus Pulmonalis - TR. Arteriosus AORTA Sulcus interventricularis Paraconalis Sulcus Coronarius
BOTH: Basis Cordis Apex Cordis Incisura Apicis Cordis Margo ventricularis dexter/sinister
- Fascies ATRIALIS
Caud/sin - RIGHT - Fascies ATRIALIS –> Cran/dex
= Venous side
- Sulcus interventricularis Subsinosus,
- V.CAVA
RIGHT:
Venae Cavae Cranialis et Caudalis
Sulcus Coronarius
Sulcus interventricularis paraconalis
BOTH: Basis Cordis Apex cordis Incisura Apicis Cordis Margo ventricularis dexter/sinister
LEFT SIDE of the HEART
Functions:
Functions:
- LA recieves oxygenated blood from Tr.Pulmonalis
- LV: Pumps blood to the Systemic circulation.
LEFT SIDE of the HEART
- Atrium Cordis Sinister
- Ventriculus Cordis Sinister
LEFT SIDE of the HEART
- Atrium Cordis Sinister
- Covered by Auricula atrii sinister
- 5-6 openings of VV. Pulmonalis
- Mm. Pectinati
- Valva for Foramen Ovale (foetal->Septum)
AORTA:
1- Valva Semilunaris Sinistra
2- Valva Semilunaris Dextra
3- Valva Semilunaris Septalis
LV:
- Ostium atroiventricularis SINISTER:
- VALVA BICUSPIDALIS
1. Cuspis Septalis
2. Cuspis Pariettalis - Annulus Fibrosis around.
LEFT SIDE of the HEART
- Ventriculus Cordis Sinister
= THICK muscular wall
- Trabecula Carnea
- Muscular irregulation of ventricle walls - Trabecula septomarginalis
- Muscular strands septal –> Pariettal
- -> MM. Pappillaris - Mm. Pappilaris
a. M. Pappillaris Subauricularis
b. M. Pappillaris Subatrialis - Lig. Subarteriosum
- From Aorta–> Tr. Pulmonalis
THE RIGHT side of the HEART
Function
Function:
RA: Recieves blood from systemic circulation
RV: Pumps blood to the lung
THE RIGHT side of the HEART
Atrium cordis dexter
Ventriculus cordis dexter
THE RIGHT side of the HEART
Atrium cordis dexter
- Vena cava caudalis
- Vena. Cava. cranialis
- Sinus coronarium
- Fossa ovalis
- Tuberculum intervenosus
- Septum interatriale
- AV-Node
- SA-Node
- Auricula Dextra
- Sinus venarum cavarum
- OStium Atrioventriculare dextra
THE RIGHT side of the HEART
Ventriculus cordis dexter
3* mm.Pappillaris in dog 1. M.Pappillaris Magnus -> Parietalis and Angulus cusps -> First you see when you open RV CA: On septal side, 3* mm Ru, EQ: On Pariettal side
- M.Pappillaris Parvi
- Pariettalis and septalis cups - M. Pappilaris subarteriosus
- Septalis and angularis cups
- Under truncus pulmonalis (artery)
- Trabecula septomarginalis
PERICARDIUM
- Plaura
- Fascia Endothoracica
- Diaphragma
- Fascia Transversa Abdominis
- Peritoneum
LAYERS
- Plaura Mediastinalis
- Pericardium Fibrosum
- Lamina Pariettalis
- Cavum Pericardii
- Lamina Viscerale
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
- Avoiding area expansion
PERICARDIUM
Function
Maintaining heart position
Protection
Lubricate (fluid): decrease friction
The hearts own vessels
- A. Coronaria Dextra
- R. Interventricularis subsinosus
- Rr. Septalis - A. Coronaria Sinistra
- R. Interventricularis paraconalis
- Rr. Septalis
- R. Circumflexus- R. Intermedius
- R. Interventricularis subsinosus
- rr. Septalis
Impulse-generating system
- NODUS SINOATRIALIS: (SA- node)
- At sulcus/Crista terminalis
- Spontaneous electric activity
- Depola atrium
= Atrial Systole
- Then Exitation spreads
Pacemaker of the heart, near sulcus terminalis - NODUS ATRIOVENTRICULARIS
- At septum
in the base of the septal wall of the right
atrium - Bundle of HIS
contains AV node in its first section, conducts from
atrial to ventricular, especially papillary mucles
Crus dextrum;
right limb of atrioventricular conducting system, ramifiesinside mm. Papillares of right ventricle as purkinje fibres
○ Crus sinistrum;
left limb of the atrioventricular conducting system, ramifie inside mm. Papillares of the left ventricle as purkinje fibres
- Purkinje fibers
- Crus Sinister
- Crus Dexter
