TEETH Flashcards
TEETH in general
Dentes!
- Principal organ of MASTRICATION
- Composed of:
1. CORPUS Dentis
2. CORONA Dentis
3. RADIX Dentis
4. COLLUM Dentis
CORPUS DENTIS
- Body of the Tooth
- Applied for HYPSODONT teeth
- At HYPSODONT Teeth, the CORONA and RADIX cannot be distinguished!
CORONA DENTES
- Covered by ENAMEL
- Demarceted from the ROOT by the NECK
- Free distal portion of the Tooth
- Projects into the mouth
Structures of CORONA DENTIS
I: CUSPIS CORONA DENTIS
- cusp
- one of the Main Projections !! on the OCCLUSAL SURFACE
II: APEX CUSPIS
III: TUBERCULUM CORONA DENTIS
- Tubercle
- Secondary Projection of the CROWN!!!
- On the LINGUAL SURFACE of some incissors of Fe and Bo
RADIX DENTIS
Root!
- embedded portion
- NOT covered by ENAMEL
I: APEX RADICIS DENTIS
II: RADIX CLINICA
- Clinical root
- Concealed by the GINGIVA and ALVEOLUS
III: CANALIS RADICIS DENTIS - root canal
IV: FORAMEN APICIS DENTIS - orfice of the root canal!
V: PULPA DENTIS - Pulp of the root VI: PULPA CORONALIS - pulp in the crown VII: PULPA RADICULARIS - Pulp in the root canal
COLLUM DENTIS
Constriction between crown and root
What kind of substances is the mammalian teeth composed of?
- ENAMEL
- DENTIN
- CEMENT
ENAMEL
- Hard, white substance
- Produces by AMELOBLASTS
- COVERs the DENTIN in the CROWN
Structures in the ENAMEL
- PLICA ENAMELI
- Longitudinal folds
On premolar and molar teeth! - INFUNDIBULUM DENTIS
- invagination of Enamel on the OCCLUSAL surface of INCISSORS in Su+EQ🐷🐴
- Invagianation of Enamel on the OCCLUSAL surface of PREMOLARS in Ru+EQ🐮🐴 - CRISTA ENAMELLI
- Enamel crest
- Free OCCLUSAL Edge on one of the Enamel layers of a worn teeth
DENTIN
- Main substance of the Tooth
- Calcified, collagenous matrix
- Produces by the ODONTOBLASTS
- DENTAL cavity - DENTAL PULP
CEMENT
- Produced by CEMENTOBLASTS
- Bone-like substance
- covers the root!
- IN HYPSODONT TEETH covers the CORPUS Dentis, Fills the PLICAE and INFUNDIBULUM
What is the CT for the Teeths?
PERIDONTUM
- CT
- Attaches the Tooth and the GINGIVA to the ALVEOLUS
SURFACES of the TEETHS
- FACIES OCCLUSALIS
- Occlusal surface
- meeting the Teeths of the oppsite jaw! - FACIES VESTIBULARIS (facial, BUCCAL)
- Outer surface
- Directed toward the VESTIBULUM ORIS - FACIES LINGUALIS
- Inner surface
- directed toward the Tongue - FACIES CONTACTUS
- each Tooth, EXEPT the LaST MOLAR, has 2 contactsurfces!
- Related to the adjacent teeth in the same DENTAL Arch! - FACIES MESIALLIS
- on the first incissor next to the median plane
- on the other teeth directed toward the 1st incissors! - FACIES DISTALIS
- Oposite surface from the FACIES MESIALIS
Types of TEETH
- BRACHYODONT
- HYPSODONT
A. INCISSORS
B. CANINES
C. CHEEK TEETH
- PREMOLARS
- MOLARS
D. DENS LUPINUS (eq)
E. DENS SECRETORIUS (car)
F. DENS DECIDUOS
G. DENS PERMANENTES
H. ARCUS DENTALIS SUPeRiOR
I. ARCUS DENTALIS INfERIOR
BRADYCHYDONT TOOTH
Consists of
- Corona Dentis
- Radix Dentis
- Collum Dentis
In:
Carnivores
HYPSODONT TOOTH
Consist of:
1. Corona Dentis and Collum Dentis are NOT EASY DISTINGUISHED
- only BODY and ROOT
In:
Ruminants
Horse
DENS LUPINUS
In EQ
Wolf Tooth
The first upper premolar (P1)
Rudimentary, INCONSTANT
DENS SECRETORIUS
- In Car
- Secretorial Toot
- Largest CUTTING Tooth in each jaw
- LAST UPPER PREMOLAR and the
FIRST LOWER MOLAR
DENS DECIDUI
MILK TEETH Replaced by the permanent: A. INCISORS B. CANINES C. PREMOLARS
MOLARS are NOT pressent in the DECIDUOS DENTITION
DENS PERMANENTES
Permanent Teeth
DENTAL ARCS
- ARCUS DENTALIS SUPERIOR
- Arch formed by ALL of the UPPER TEETH - ARCUS DENTALIS INFERIOR
- Arch formed by ALL of the LOWER TEETH
TEETH of THE CARNIVORES
- Dentitition of the DOG Consists of TUBERCULATE teeth
- well developed roots
- BRADYCHYDONT
- DENTAL FORMULAE DECIDUOS: 3-1-3 3-1-3 = 14(28) iii c opppooO iii c opppooo = (7+7)*2 =28 PERMANENT: 3–1-4-2 3-1-4-3 = 21 (42) III C LPPPMMo III C LPPPMMM = (10+11)*2 =42
TOOTH ERUPTION in DOG
For the first 3 weeks of Life = NO TEETH
DECIDUOS Incicors: 4-6weeks Canine: 5-6 weeks Premolars: 6 weeks MOLARS : -
PERMANENT Incissors: 3-5 months Canine: 4-6 months Premolars: 4-5 months Molars: 5-7 months
Structures of the TEETH of the DOG
CINGULUM
CRISTA MARGINALIS
PREMOLARS
MOLARS
The TEETH for the RUMiNANTs
DECIDUOS/Permanent formula
Formula PERMANENT DENTITION
2* (I 0/4, C 0/0, P 3/3, M 3/3)= 32
2* (I 0/3, C 0/1, P 3/3, M 3/3) = 32
Formula DECIDUOS TEETH
2* (Di 0/4, Dc 0/0, Dp 3/3) = 20
DECIDUOS incissors pressent at BIRTH!
2* (Di 0/3, Dc 0/1, Dp 3/3)= 20
TEETH of RUMINANTS
INCISSORS and CANINES
- Absent in UPPER JAW DENTAL PAD - PULVINUS DENTALIS Takes place of the missing teeth Acts as a antagonist to LOWER INCiSSORS
- INCISSORS
- I1-4
- CINGULUM
- CRISTA MARGINALIS
Known as:
I: Central (I1)
II: 1st Intermediate (I2)
III: 2nd intermediate (I3)
IV: Corner incissors (C)
TEETH of RUMINANTS
CHEEK TEETH
- HYPSODONTAL type
- UPPER CHEEK TEETH:
- Upper cheek teeth - Increase in size from rostral to caudal!
- The UPPER PREMOLARS -
Has one INFUNDIBULUM - The UPPeR MOLARS
Have 3 ROOTS, and 2 INFUNDIBULA
- The LOWER CHEEK TEETH
- The LOWER PREMOLARS
Have 2 Roots
- The LOWER MOLARS
Have 2 Roots
THE TEETH of the HORSE
PEREMANENT DENTITITION
HYPSODONT
FORMULA:
2*(I3/3, C1/1, P3(4)/3, M3/3) = 40(42)
3-1-3(4)-3
3-1-3 -3
INCISORS
- Central (I1)
- Intermediate(I2)
- Corner INCIsSOR (I3)
The TEETH of the HORSE
INCISORS
- General shape = sided, slender, curved pyramid
- BASE of the PYRAMID in young animals FLATTENED retrocaudally
- APEX FLATTENED from side to side
- BODY of the PYRAMIDS is
ROUNDISH in cross section distally and
more TRIANGULAR proximally. - EACH Incisor has a centrally placed INFUNDIBULUM (Cup)
- Before the Tooth in wear:
The ENAMEL of the INFUNDIBULUM continues with the EXTERNAL ENAMEL
An ANNULAR fold is pressent on the OCCLUSAL surface - As the TOOTH is abraded through wear:
A. Connection btw INFUNDIBULAR and EXTERNAL ENAMEL is LOST!
B. Two ANNULAR ENaMEL CRESTS RESULTS
C. two ANNULAR Crests separated by a circular layer of DENTINE
D. When the two ENAMEL Crests are visuable - the incisors is said to be LEVEL!
E. INFUNDIBULUM is lined with a layer of CEMENT
F: The remaining LUMEN of INFUNDIBULUM filled with decomposing food particles - GIVInG BLacK Apperance.
G: The BLACK cavity of INFUNDIBULUM is called CUP
H: The bottom of the INFUNDIBULUM remains as a raised ENAMEL SPOT
I: The CUP DISSAPAIRS - DENTAL STAR apparatet on the OCCLUSAL surface between the INFUNDIBULUM and the vestibular surface!
J: DENTAL STAR - darker, secondary DENTIN, filles the DENTAL cavity!
The TEETH Of the Horse
CANINUS
Develops only in the MALES
DIASTEMMA - between the CANINES and the CHEEK teeth
The TEETH Of the Horse
UPPER PREMOLARS, MOLARS
Pressent 2 INFUNDIBULA
3 ROOTS
The TEETH Of the Horse
LOWER PREMOLARS, MOLARS
- True INFUNDIBULA absent!
- Two ROOTS
The TEETH Of the Horse
What are the diff Teeths of the Horse?
INCISORS CANINUS (males) CANINES DENS LUPINUS PREMOLARS MOLARS
The TEETH Of the Horse
DENS LUPINUS
In Eq Wolf Tooth The UPPER first premolar (P1) Rudimentary, inconstant Falls out When the animal is still young Not replaced It is pressent in the lower jaw, but does not erupt!
The TEETH Of the Horse
DECIDUOS
Formula 2*(Di 3/3, Dc 1/1, Dp 3/3)= 28? 2*(Di 3/3, Dc 0/0, Dp 3/3)= 24 Simple 3-0-3 3-0-3
The TEETH Of the Horse
ERUPTION and DisSAPERAnCE of the CUP
Tooth- ERUPTION - DISSAP CUP
Id1 - 6days - 10months
Id2 - 6weeks -12months
Id3 - 6months - 18-24months
Mandib I1 - 2,5years - 6 years
Mandib I2 - 3,5years - 7 years
Mandib I3 - 4,5years - 8 years
Maxilary I1 - 2,5 years - 9 years
Maxillary I2 - 3,5 years - 10years
Maxillary I3 - 4,5 years - 11years
The TEETH Of the Horse
Criteria to estimate AGE of the 🐴
- ERUPTION and wear of the DECIDUOS incissors
- ERUPTION and wear of the permanent incissors
- The shape of the OCCLUSAL surface of the permanent Incisors
- Profile ANGLE between the UPPER and LOWER Incisors
I1-I2-I3 Smooth (cups gone) 6y - 7y - 8y Stars 8-9-10 Round 9-10-11 Triangular 16 - 17 - (17-18) Rektangular 18-20++
TOOTH ERUPTION in horses
In weeks
<2 weeks
- Central Incissors
4-6 weeks
- Intermediate incissors
TOOTH ERUPTION in horses
In months
6-10 months
- Corner Incissors
- 1st premolar
12 months
- DENTAL star
TOOTH ERUPTION in horses
In YEARS
2 years
- All incissors in wear
- 2nd MOLAR ERUPTs
2,5 years
- Central MOLARS permanent!!!
3 years
- Central MOLAR in wear
- 3rd PREMOLAR erupts
3,5 years
- Intermediate MOLARS permanent!!!
4 years:
- Canine teeth
- 4th premolar ERUPTION
- 3rd molar ERUPTION
4,5 years:
- Corner incissors ERUPTION
5 years:
All Incissors in WEAR!!!
10 years
GALVAYNEs groove
11 years
Incissor HOOK
12 years
DENTAL star-Central
13 years
- Elongation of teeth
15 years
- GALVAYNEs groove 1/2 way down the Tooth
17 years
- Lower incissors triangular
- Angle increasing
20 years
- GALVAYNEs groove entire length of Tooth
