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History AS1 > The Four Year Plan, incl The Role Of Goring 1936-39 > Flashcards

The Four Year Plan, incl The Role Of Goring 1936-39 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the Four-year plan

A

Hitler’s memorandum of August 1936 outlined his vision of a German economy ready for war within four years

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2
Q

What was the four year plans economy based around and why

A

The needs of war to avoid prob of WW1 when G Econ unable to cope with a lengthy war

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3
Q

When did Schacht resign as Minister of Economics and who was he replaced by?

A

Nov 1937 and replaced by less competent Walther Funk

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4
Q

WHO was the leader of the four-year plan

A

Goring, who had no economic expertise

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5
Q

What were the main aims of the four year plan? (4)

A
  • autarky
  • increase agricultural production
  • regulation imports and exports
  • maintain high employment and retrain some sectors workforce
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6
Q

When did Rearmament start trumping even food production?

A

By 1939

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7
Q

Goring wanted autarky in what especially

A

Raw materials esp metals, oil and rubber

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8
Q

What helped maintain high employment levels

A

Conscription and development of large-scale war industrues

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9
Q

How did Goebbels also try to grow his own personal wealth and influence

A

Took almost total control over allocation of investment, raw materials and labour
Established ‘Reichswerke Hermann Goring’ which became the largest industrial enterprise in Europe by 1939

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10
Q

What kind of background did Goring have?

A

A former fighter pilot, military pilot

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11
Q

What did Goring say about ‘Guns vs Butter’?

A

“Guns will make us powerful. Butter will only make us fat.”

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12
Q

How was there a massive expansion of the armaments industry?

A

Those businesses which cooperated with the plan benefitted from significant govt investment and contracts eg. Krupps

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13
Q

New areas of weapons production developed eg.

A

Explosives productions expanded greatly

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14
Q

Through what years was 2/3 investment poured into war industries?

A

1936-39

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15
Q

By 1939, how much of the workforce was employed in rearmament activities?

A

40-50%

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16
Q

By 1939, how many men were removed from the unemployment register by conscription?

A

1 million

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17
Q

How many were unemployed by 1939?

A

300 000

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18
Q

Jobs provided in state-run orgs like

A

SS and Gestapo

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19
Q

Women encouraged to stay at home BUT

A

W demand rapid rearmament Nazis review this policy

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20
Q

By 1937 women required to do a ——

A

Duty year in factories

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21
Q

By what year were women required to do a duty year in factories?

A

1937

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22
Q

In what areas was autarky achieved?

A

Production of grain, potatoes and sugar

23
Q

How did chemicals company IG Farben thrive (stat about profits)

A

1935 71 million RM profit
VS
1939 240 million RM profit

24
Q

Luxury goods such as what became more available

A

Radios and cars

25
Q

How did workers lives improve?

A

Had more housing opps and stable rents

More leisure opps thru orgs such as the KdF (Strength thru Joy)

26
Q

How did farmers lives improve under the four year plan?

A

Secure on land

Due to Reich Entailed Farm Law got easy credit and high prices

27
Q

How did big businesses gain from workers in the 4 year plan

A

Lack of strike activity

Higher control over workers

28
Q

What did the Reich entailed Farm Law do for farmers

A

Got easy credit and high prices

29
Q

How was unemp reduction achieved artificially or at a cost? (4)

A
  • women and Jews not on unemp register
  • machines not used in public works schemes
  • jobs created artificially in party and national bureaucracy
  • workers lost much freedoms
30
Q

What did workers have to join instead of trade unions?

A

DAF (German Labour Front)

31
Q

What was the DAF like?

A

It controlled pay levels and working hours which were considerably higher and even had power to punish workers

32
Q

Why did small businesses struggle?

A

Govt focused on large war-related industry?

33
Q

Why were big businessmen unhappy?

A

Frustrated and growing govt control

34
Q

What businessman in particular become frustrated at growing govt control?

A

Fritz Thyssen

35
Q

Farmers also resent govt interference esp from what?

A

Reich Food Estate

36
Q

What groups were frustrated by growing govt control? (2)

A

Big businessmen and farmers

37
Q

——- didn’t reach levels desired by Hitler and armed forces

A

Arms production

38
Q

German factories fell short on targets for

A

Oil and rubber

39
Q

Despite intense war Econ. G still not possess war Econ by

A

1939

40
Q

How was the G Econ not ready for war by 1939

A

Shortage of manpower, materials and capital crucial as well as artificial exchange rates and price controls

41
Q

Contended that Hitler surprised by outbreak of Total War and not planned to go to war until

A

1943

42
Q

1930s, how much raw materials still had to be imported/

A

30%

43
Q

Reichswerke Herman Goring still had to ———- right before war

A

Import iron ore from Sweden

44
Q

By 1939, synthetic oil production only —— planned levels

A

45%

45
Q

How was ersatz time-consuming and expensive

A

6 tonnes of coal needed to produce 1 tonne ersatz oil

46
Q

What was the balance of payments deficit by 1938

A

432 billion marks

47
Q

By 1939, how much was the govt spending on G military

A

Over 25 billion marks

48
Q

By 1939, how much was spent on armaments production

A

17% GDP

49
Q

When was the balance of pay,ents deficit 432 billion marks

A

1938

50
Q

When was 17% GDP being spent on the military?

A

By 1939

51
Q

What was a consequence of food production suffering?

A

Nutritional crisis 1939

52
Q

How did German Econ growth compare to Europe in 1930s

A

Not exceed average across Europe between wars

53
Q

How was the four-year plan ineffective?

A

It was a vast bureaucratic apparatus characterized by inefficiencies and internal rivalries

History AS1 (18 decks)

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