Electoral Breakthrough of the Nazis 1930-32 Flashcards
What were the political effects of the Depression?
increased fortuned of Anti-Weimar parties like commies and Nazis
Nazi seats in 1928
1928 NAzis had 12 seats
Nazi seats in 1930
107 seats
when did the Nazis have 107 seats?
1930
When did the NAzis have 12 seats?
1928
When did NAzi support surge
First half of 1932
Nazi seats in July 1932
230- largest party
What year were the NAzis only 7th largest party?
1928
What were the votes for Hindenbrg in the 1932 Presidential elections?
18million votes
Votes for Hitler 1932 Presidential Votes?
11 million
Who won the 1932 Presidential Elections?
Hindenburg
How many seats did the Nazis have in Nov 1932
196 seats
When did the Nazis have 196 seats?
Nov 1932
Describe Hitler’s Speeches
- took place in late stadiums
- gifted and exceptional orator who tapped into the disillusionment of many with Germany’s new democracy
What was ‘Our Last Hope’?
A famous prop poster representing Htler as a saviour, now demo dead and communism threatened
What was the aeroplane ‘Fuhrer over GERMANY’ Campaign?
Slogan made by Goebbels. Hitler’s pioneering use of aeroplane travel let him travel across the country quickly so could address several meetings per day. Modern tech fully exploited
How did Goebbels create an emotive atmosphere at Nazi rallies to compel support?
He used light, colours, torches, uniform and music to create what Layton (2005a) called a ‘Mass suggestion’ effect
who did Nazis use for verbal attacks and as scapegoats?
Weimar govt, communists and Jews
Who developed the Volksgemeinschaft people’s community concept?
Goebbels
What was the ‘Fuhrer Cult’ that Goebbels established?
depicted HItler as the saviour of Germany
Where did Goebbels fail to generate Nazi support and why?
Berlin and other large cities because most workers preferred democrats or Commies, distrusting the Nazis
Why was the weimar govt, commies and Jews so effective as people to blame by the Nazis?
many people already distrusted and feared them
How were the workers won over by Nazis?
as result of Depression
55% workers who voted Nazi in 1930s were unemployed (esp swayed by Arbeit und Brot promise)
Nazis striggled to get support in large ——— centres
industrial
Why did the Middle Classes have high levels of support for the Nazis?
Esp after WSC… one problem too many and nazis seemed to have the only real answers
How many seats did the communist win in the 1930 elections?
100
What was the impact of the communist success in 1930 elections?
Key motivator for people to vote nAzi as NAzi promise to smash communism
Who was especially alarmed by communist 1930 electoral success? (3)
Landlords, big businessmen and churches
Why did small businesses support the Nazis?
nazis pledge to limit the power of big departmental stores
What year were women more likely to vote Nazi than men?
1933
Why did many women vote Nazi?
- attracted by Nazi commitment to family values
- some women not resist Hitler’s personal magnetism and allure
How much support for Nazis did young people provide 1931?
!931, 61% people who voted Nazi were between 18 and 30
Why did so many young people support the Nazis?
- attracted by dynamic and colourful movement
- could join SA or HY which offered fun activities
- some didillusioned as old enough to get job but unable to find any due to depression
What was the ‘Farmers revenge’?
18000 lost their farms because of the Great Depression so voted Nazi as revenge against WR
What was the ‘Farmers revenge’?
18000 lost their farms because of the Great Depression so voted Nazi as revenge against WR
By 1933, Nazis had —-% agricultural vote
52.4%
How did Strasser help secure farmer support?
In late 1920s had canvassed a lot of support in rural Northern Germany
Which group gave much needed funds for Nazi election campaigns? And eg.
Industrialists
Emil Kirdorff and Frits Thyssen made huge contributions
Why did some industrialists vote Nazi?
- feared communism
- relieved to see Hitler tone down socialist aspects Nazism and reassured when Hitler discouraged acts of violence from the SA in late 1920s
Which group made Nazis look more respectable even if not generally not vote for them?
Industrialists
Who gave their support to Nazis who was also head of Reichsbank?
Hjalmar Schacht
Who was Alfred Hugenberg?
Nationalist party leader, newspaper tycoon and head of armaments firm Krupp
What was the Harzberg Agreement?
- An agreement between Hitler and Alfred Hugenberg in 1930 launching a common campaign against Weimar Republic and Young Plan
- Hugenberg let Hitler use his newspapers for publicity
What was the agreement between Hitler and Alfred Hugenberg called?
Harzberg agreement
