Development of the Nazi Party 1924-29

Question 1

What happened to the Nazi Party whilst Hitler was in prison (3)

Answer 1

Split into factions
Membership declining
Divided on policy of legality

Question 2

What did Hitler do about the divisions between Nationalist and anti-Capitalist wings in the Nazi Party?

Answer 2

Refound the party on 27th Feb 1925 and announced a new political strategy

Question 3

What year was the Banberg conference?

Answer 3

1926

Question 4

What principle was the party re-organised under during the Banberg conference and why?

Answer 4

Fuhrerprinzip (Fuhrer power) to reduce internal divisions and get Nazi leaders like Gregor Strasser and Goebbels behind Hitler

Question 5

What kind of party structure was established at the Banberg conference?

Answer 5

Vertical party structure

Question 6

How was Germany divided?

Answer 6

Into 35 Gaue

Question 7

What was the purpose of NAzi Gauleiters?

Answer 7

To garner Nazi support and report to Hitler

Question 8

Why were Gauleiters allowed a lot of latitude?

Answer 8

To interpret the party programme according to local circumstances, building up considerable support

Question 9

Who was Gregor Strasser (3)

Answer 9

• headed socialist wing of Nazi Germany w brother Otto
• 1926-28 was Reich Leader for Propaganda
• helped Nazi growth esp in Northern Germany

Question 10

When was Gregor Strasser made Reich Organisation Leader

Answer 10

January 1928

Question 11

What did Gregor do for the Nazi Party? (3)

Answer 11

• made centralised org w vertical party structure
• high propaganda capability
• built up the Nazis into a national movement

Question 12

How much did Strasser increase Nazi party membership by?

Answer 12

1925 27000
VS
1931 800 000

Question 13

What was ‘Combat Publishing’

Answer 13

A Berlin Nazi publishing organisation founded by Gregor and Otto Strasser

Question 14

Why did Hitler not like Gregor Strasser?

Answer 14

• Strasser’s strong socialist views

- Dec 1932 Strasser offered vice-chancellor by Schleicher instead of Hitler

Question 15

How did Strasser die?

Answer 15

Night of the lOng Knives, one of Hitler’s victims

Question 16

By associationism, what 3 groups did the Nazis set up to garner support?

Answer 16

• Hitler Youth
• Nazi Teachers Association (NSLB)
• Nazi Welfare Organisation

Question 17

What was the aim of the NSLB (NAzi Teachers’ Association)?

Answer 17

hoped teachers would be good influences on youth

Question 18

Who helped set up the Berlin SA and when?

Answer 18

Gregor Strasser 1926

Question 19

What did the Nazi Welfare Organisation do?

Answer 19

• Ran soup kitchens and organised food donations

Question 20

Between 1925-27, Nazi membership

Answer 20

tripled

Question 21

What was the ‘Blood and Soil’ Campaign?

Answer 21

Campaign targeted at peasant farmers which exploited farmer discontent, promising fairer prices and restrictions on imported foreign goods. Esp targeted those hit by late 1920s agricultural slump

Question 22

How did the ‘Blood and Soil’ Campaign boost Nazi support?

Answer 22

• helped Nazis extend power base from Bavaria
• 1930 won 22.6% agricultural vote
• 1933 won 52.4% agricultural vote

Question 23

The Nazis urban vote never got above —%

Answer 23

39.6%

Question 24

How did the Nazis maintain a clear identity (4)

Answer 24

• SA wore distinctive brown shirts
• 1925 Hitler salute used
• Hitler’s oratory power and Messianic figure
• Distinctive red, black and white Nazi Flag

Question 25

When and why were the SA formed

Answer 25

1920 to protect Nazi speakers

Question 26

What kind of people was the SA composed of

Answer 26

originally a core of ex-soldiers and swelled by Right Wing, violent youth

Question 27

What did the SA do? (3)

Answer 27

• distributed propaganda
• attacked communists in street violence
• protected Nazi meetings

Question 28

What was the ‘Volksgemeinschaft’?

Answer 28

A ‘National Community’ that would be created by Nazis for ‘True Germans’ that would restore hope

Question 29

Who did the ‘Volsgemeinschaft’ pay particular attention to?

Answer 29

‘True German Peasants’ and small traders who would be saved from the ‘clutch of Jewish moneylenders’

Question 30

What did the NAzis promise people to garner support? (4)

Answer 30

• Arbeit und Brot (Work and Bread)
• strong leadership and smash communism
• solve economic problems
• Destroy Versailles, end reps and military might (Lebensraum idea)

Question 31

Who was the Berlin Gauleiter?

Answer 31

Josef Goebbels

Question 32

What Newspaper did Goebbels make and what for?

Answer 32

‘Der Angriff’ (The Attack) to raise the profile of the SA

Question 33

How did Goebbels revolutionaries propaganda?

Answer 33

Created a centralised propaganda machine but still paid attention to local propaganda
Developed ‘Political Sophistication’

Question 34

What forms of propaganda did Goebbels use?

Answer 34

• latest tech such as radio, slideshows, films and loudspeakers
• also kept traditional forms such as mass rallies, uniforms, drills and marches
• music, lighting and display of disciplined enthusiasm to foster Nazi message

Question 35

How many speakers were trained and why?

Answer 35

6000 to preach the Nazi message

Question 36

Much support wasn’t won over with direct contact w Hitler, but by…

Answer 36

personal contacts eg by Nazi speakers

Question 37

What oratory technique to HItler use in his speeches?

Answer 37

Tailored speeches to his audience’s problems

Nazi policies purposely vague to facilitate this

Question 38

What distinguished the Nazis from other political parties

Answer 38

Nazism was known as more of a movement

Question 39

Goebbels enabled attraction of Nazi Volk in which what played a huge role

Answer 39

Nationalism and anti-semitism