Development of the Nazi Party 1924-29 Flashcards
What happened to the Nazi Party whilst Hitler was in prison (3)
Split into factions
Membership declining
Divided on policy of legality
What did Hitler do about the divisions between Nationalist and anti-Capitalist wings in the Nazi Party?
Refound the party on 27th Feb 1925 and announced a new political strategy
What year was the Banberg conference?
1926
What principle was the party re-organised under during the Banberg conference and why?
Fuhrerprinzip (Fuhrer power) to reduce internal divisions and get Nazi leaders like Gregor Strasser and Goebbels behind Hitler
What kind of party structure was established at the Banberg conference?
Vertical party structure
How was Germany divided?
Into 35 Gaue
What was the purpose of NAzi Gauleiters?
To garner Nazi support and report to Hitler
Why were Gauleiters allowed a lot of latitude?
To interpret the party programme according to local circumstances, building up considerable support
Who was Gregor Strasser (3)
- headed socialist wing of Nazi Germany w brother Otto
- 1926-28 was Reich Leader for Propaganda
- helped Nazi growth esp in Northern Germany
When was Gregor Strasser made Reich Organisation Leader
January 1928
What did Gregor do for the Nazi Party? (3)
- made centralised org w vertical party structure
- high propaganda capability
- built up the Nazis into a national movement
How much did Strasser increase Nazi party membership by?
1925 27000
VS
1931 800 000
What was ‘Combat Publishing’
A Berlin Nazi publishing organisation founded by Gregor and Otto Strasser
Why did Hitler not like Gregor Strasser?
- Strasser’s strong socialist views
- Dec 1932 Strasser offered vice-chancellor by Schleicher instead of Hitler
How did Strasser die?
Night of the lOng Knives, one of Hitler’s victims
By associationism, what 3 groups did the Nazis set up to garner support?
- Hitler Youth
- Nazi Teachers Association (NSLB)
- Nazi Welfare Organisation
What was the aim of the NSLB (NAzi Teachers’ Association)?
hoped teachers would be good influences on youth
Who helped set up the Berlin SA and when?
Gregor Strasser 1926
What did the Nazi Welfare Organisation do?
- Ran soup kitchens and organised food donations
Between 1925-27, Nazi membership
tripled
What was the ‘Blood and Soil’ Campaign?
Campaign targeted at peasant farmers which exploited farmer discontent, promising fairer prices and restrictions on imported foreign goods. Esp targeted those hit by late 1920s agricultural slump
How did the ‘Blood and Soil’ Campaign boost Nazi support?
- helped Nazis extend power base from Bavaria
- 1930 won 22.6% agricultural vote
- 1933 won 52.4% agricultural vote
The Nazis urban vote never got above —%
39.6%
How did the Nazis maintain a clear identity (4)
- SA wore distinctive brown shirts
- 1925 Hitler salute used
- Hitler’s oratory power and Messianic figure
- Distinctive red, black and white Nazi Flag
When and why were the SA formed
1920 to protect Nazi speakers
What kind of people was the SA composed of
originally a core of ex-soldiers and swelled by Right Wing, violent youth
What did the SA do? (3)
- distributed propaganda
- attacked communists in street violence
- protected Nazi meetings
What was the ‘Volksgemeinschaft’?
A ‘National Community’ that would be created by Nazis for ‘True Germans’ that would restore hope
Who did the ‘Volsgemeinschaft’ pay particular attention to?
‘True German Peasants’ and small traders who would be saved from the ‘clutch of Jewish moneylenders’
What did the NAzis promise people to garner support? (4)
- Arbeit und Brot (Work and Bread)
- strong leadership and smash communism
- solve economic problems
- Destroy Versailles, end reps and military might (Lebensraum idea)
Who was the Berlin Gauleiter?
Josef Goebbels
What Newspaper did Goebbels make and what for?
‘Der Angriff’ (The Attack) to raise the profile of the SA
How did Goebbels revolutionaries propaganda?
Created a centralised propaganda machine but still paid attention to local propaganda
Developed ‘Political Sophistication’
What forms of propaganda did Goebbels use?
- latest tech such as radio, slideshows, films and loudspeakers
- also kept traditional forms such as mass rallies, uniforms, drills and marches
- music, lighting and display of disciplined enthusiasm to foster Nazi message
How many speakers were trained and why?
6000 to preach the Nazi message
Much support wasn’t won over with direct contact w Hitler, but by…
personal contacts eg by Nazi speakers
What oratory technique to HItler use in his speeches?
Tailored speeches to his audience’s problems
Nazi policies purposely vague to facilitate this
What distinguished the Nazis from other political parties
Nazism was known as more of a movement
Goebbels enabled attraction of Nazi Volk in which what played a huge role
Nationalism and anti-semitism
