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Intro to Anatomy. > The Female Reproductive System. > Flashcards

The Female Reproductive System. Flashcards

1
Q

What is a germatogenic function?

A

An organ with this function will produce sex cells.

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2
Q

What is the gonad?

A

The organ that produces the sex cells.

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3
Q

What 6 organs does the female reproductive system consist of?

A

The ovaries.

The uterus.

The vagina.

The vestibule.

The vulva.

The clitoris.

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4
Q

The uterus is subdivided into what 2 categories?

A

The uterine horns.

The uterine body.

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5
Q

What is the female gonad?

A

The ovary.

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6
Q

How many ovaries are found in the female reproductive system?

A

2 ovaries.

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7
Q

Where are the ovaries located?

A

They are found caudal to the kidney, at the tip of each uterine tube.

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8
Q

What shape are the ovaries?

A

Ellipsoidal, or almond shaped.

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9
Q

Why do the ovaries have an irregular surface?

A

Due to projections that are known as Graafian follicles.

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10
Q

What is each side of the ovary attached to?

A

The broad ligament of the uterus.

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11
Q

What is the broad ligament of the uterus responsible for?

A

For suspending the entire female reproductive organ.

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12
Q

How is the broad ligament named?

A

It is divided into different sections and the name of each section depends on what organ that section is attached to.

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13
Q

What is the section of the broad ligament that attaches to the ovaries known as?

A

As the mesovarium.

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14
Q

What is the suspensory ligament?

A

A second ligament that links the ovary to one of the last 2 ribs.

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15
Q

How is the interior of each ovary constructed?

A

It is divided into 2 distinct regions which consist of an outer section and an inner section.

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16
Q

What is the outer section of the interior of the ovaries known as?

A

As the cortex.

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17
Q

What is the inner section of the interior of the ovaries known as?

A

As the medulla.

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18
Q

Is the cortex or medulla the most dense part of the ovary?

A

The cortex of the ovary is the most dense part of the ovary.

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19
Q

What membrane covers the cortex of the ovary?

A

A very thin membranous tissue known as tunica albugenia.

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20
Q

What is found within the interior of the cortex of the ovary?

A

Multiple follicles which are all in different stages of development.

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21
Q

What is the main function of the cortex of the ovary?

A

To develop sex cells.

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22
Q

What kind of sex cells are developed by the ovary?

A

Ovules.

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23
Q

What additional function does the cortex of the ovary have?

A

An endocrine function as it produces hormones.

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24
Q

What hormones are produced by the cortex of the ovary?

A

Oestrogen and progesterone.

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25
Q

What is the uterine tube also referred to as?

A

As the oviduct or the salpinx.

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26
Q

What is the uterine tube?

A

A tubular organ that extends from the ovary to the uterus.

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27
Q

What is the section of broad ligament that supports the uterine tube known as?

A

As the mesosalpinx and this structure encloses and suspends the uterine tube.

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28
Q

What is the function of the uterine tube?

A

The function of the uterine tube is to carry the ovum from the ovaries to the uterine horn.

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29
Q

What major event will take place in the uterine tube?

A

Fertilisation.

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30
Q

What are the 3 layers that make up the uterine tube?

A

The mucosa layer.

The muscular layer.

The outermost serosa layer.

31
Q

What are the 2 openings that are found in the uterine tube?

A

The abdominal osteum.

The uterine osteum.

32
Q

What is the innermost layer of the 3 layers that make up the uterine tube?

A

The mucosa layer.

33
Q

What is the function of the mucosa layer of the uterine tube?

A

It consists of a layer of mucus which is used to protect the ovum when it is travelling along the oviduct.

34
Q

What is the middle layer of the uterine tube?

A

The muscular layer.

35
Q

What is the outermost layer of the uterine tube?

A

The serosa.

36
Q

What is the abdominal osteum?

A

An opening through which the uterine tube can communicate with the abdominal cavity.

37
Q

What is the uterine osteum?

A

An opening through which the uterine tube can communicate with the uterine horn.

38
Q

What are the 3 sections of the uterine tube?

A

The infundibulum.

The ampulla.

The isthmus.

39
Q

What section of the uterine tube is the infundibulum?

A

The section of the uterine tube that is located closest to the ovary.

40
Q

What structure does the uterine tube resemble?

A

A cup as its function is to catch the ovum after it is released from the ovary.

41
Q

What section of the uterine tube is the ampulla?

A

The widest section of the uterine tube and it extends from the infundibulum to the isthmus.

42
Q

What section of the uterine tube is the isthmus?

A

A narrow section of the tube which lies between the ampulla and the uterus.

43
Q

Where in the body is the uterus located?

A

In the abdominal cavity at a location that is dorsal to the intestinal loops and ventral to the the rectum.

44
Q

What are the 3 structures that make up the uterus?

A

The neck (the cervix).

The body.

The horns.

45
Q

What is the body of the uterus?

A

The point where the 2 Y shaped uterine horns come together.

46
Q

What are the 2 uterine horns responsible for?

A

For linking the uterus to the ovaries.

47
Q

The uterine horns are particulalry long in what kind of animals?

A

In polytocous animals which give birth to many young.

48
Q

Where in the uterus is the cervix located?

A

Below the uterine body and above the vagina.

49
Q

What is the main function of the uterus?

A

To serve as the point of implantation for the fertilised egg and this is where the embryo will develop.

50
Q

What are 3 layers that make up the uterus?

A

The endometrium (inner mucosa).

The myometrium (middle muscularis).

The perimetrium (outermost serosa).

51
Q

Where in the female reproductive organ is the cervix located?

A

It lies between the vagina and the body of the uterus. a

52
Q

Where do the extremities of the cervix project into?

A

Part of the cervix projects into the vagina.

The other end of the cervix projects into the body of the uterus.

53
Q

What is the portion of the cervix that enters the body of uterus is called?

A

The internal osteum.

54
Q

What is the portion of the cervix that enters the vagina called?

A

The external osteum.

55
Q

What divides the cervix from the body of the uterus?

A

A very narrow lumen or opening which has a very thick wall.

56
Q

What is the main function of the cervix?

A

To act as a sphincter.

57
Q

What region is found in the vaginal portion of the uterus?

A

A region known as the fornix vagina.

58
Q

What is the fornix vagina?

A

A recess which surrounds the vaginal space.

59
Q

What is the broad ligament of the uterus known as when it attaches to the horns and body of the uterus?

A

As the mesometrium.

60
Q

What does the broad ligament of the uterus consist of?

A

A double fold of peritoneum which suspends the female reproductive organ in the abdominal cavity and in the pelvic cavity.

61
Q

Where does the vagina extend from and to?

A

From the uterus to the vulva.

62
Q

What is the cranial limitation of the uterus?

A

The fornix.

63
Q

Where does the vagina end?

A

Cranially to the urethral opening.

64
Q

What region is contained within the vagina?

A

The vestibule.

65
Q

What is the vestibule of the vagina?

A

The space that connects the vagina with the external genital opening.

66
Q

What are the 2 external organs within the femal reproductive system?

A

The vulva.

The clitoris.

67
Q

Where is the vulva located?

A

It lies externally to the vestibule and it consists of dorsal and ventral lips which are known as labia.

68
Q

What boundary of the vulva is marked by the labia?

A

The external boundary of the vulva.

69
Q

The labia are homologous to which region of the male reproductive system?

A

To the scrotum of the male.

70
Q

The clitoris is homologous to which region of the male reproductive system?

A

To the male penis.

71
Q

What is the clitoris composed of?

A

A paired root.

A body.

A glans.

72
Q

The root and body of the clitois are homologous to what part of the male penis?

A

To the male crus and corpus cavernosa penis (erectile tissue).

73
Q

The glans clitois is homologous to what part of the male penis?

A

To the glans penis.

Intro to Anatomy. (12 decks)

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