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ANAPHY (lab) > The Eye > Flashcards

The Eye Flashcards

1
Q

___, one of the special senses, relies on a very complex receptor apparatus: the eye.

A

Vision

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2
Q

____ depends on a variety of positioning and focusing mechanisms to form an image in the correct spot on the light-sensitive receptor cells inside the eye.

These mechanisms involve muscles, lenses, and other structures that are all a part of the visual apparatus.

The complexity of structure allows for complexity of function.

A

Vision

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3
Q

The visual image perceived by humans has the qualities of

A

resolution, brightness, color, and depth.

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4
Q

The ____ and its accessory structures provide the structural apparatus required for processing and receiving visual images.

A

human eye

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5
Q

What are lacrimal apparatus ?

A

Lacrimal gland
Nasolacrimal duct

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6
Q

Exocrine “tear” gland in the superior lateral corner of the orbit

A

Lacrimal gland

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7
Q

Duct in the inferior medial corner of the orbit, drains tears from lacrimal canals toward the nasal cavity

A

Nasolacrimal duct

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8
Q

Extrinsic eye muscle

Superior, inferior, medial, lateral

A

Rectus muscles. (four)

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9
Q

Extrinsic eye muscle

Superior, inferior

A

Oblique muscles (two)

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10
Q

Thin, transparent mucous membrane adhering to the anterior surface of the eye and lining the eyelids

A

Conjunctiva

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11
Q

Layers of the eyeball

A

Fibrous layer
Vascular layer
Inner layer

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12
Q

Fibrous layer (outer coat)

The ___ is the anterior, transparent portion. The ___ is the white, fibrous portion.

A

cornea, sclera

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13
Q

Vascular layer (middle coat)

The posterior portion is the thin, heavily pigmented ___. The anterior portions include the circular ___, in which are incorporated the ciliary muscles (intrinsic eye muscles).

A

choroid, ciliary body

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14
Q

The ciliary muscles are attached to the rim of the lens by means of
____

A

suspensory ligaments.

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15
Q

To bend the light to focus it on the retina

A

Eye lenses

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16
Q

Attached to the anterior edge of the ciliary body is the colored iris, which has an opening called the ___.

A

pupil

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17
Q

The ___ of your eye is the black hole in the middle of your iris.

A

pupil

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18
Q

Your ___ is the colored part of your eye

A

iris

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19
Q

• Inner layer (inner coat) -

The retina is divided into two layers:

A

the outer pigmented retina and the inner sensory retina.

20
Q

The ___ contains photoreceptor cells of two main types— rods and cones —as well as association neurons.

A

sensory retina

21
Q

In the posterior retina is a small, yellow macula lutea with a pit called the ___.

A

fovea centralis

22
Q

The ___ is normally the center of the visual field and contains many cones.

A

fovea

23
Q

are specialized cells in the retina that convert light into signals the brain uses for vision.

A

Rods and cones

24
Q

___ become more dominant farther away from the fovea.

A

Rods

25
Q

Medial to the macula lutea is the white ___. Here, blood vessels, as well as the nerve fibers that exit as the optic nerve, pass out of the eyeball.

A

Optic disk

26
Q

is a yellow oval spot in the center of the retina that provides sharp, detailed central vision. It’s also known as the fovea

A

macula lutea

27
Q

These cells are concentrated near the fovea, the central area of the retina.

They are less sensitive to light than rods but have higher temporal resolution.

___ are responsible for color vision and can adapt quickly to changes in light. There are three types of it, each sensitive to different wavelengths of light: long (red), medium (green), and short (blue).

A

Cones

28
Q

These cells are more numerous and located in the periphery of the eye. They are highly sensitive to light and are responsible for night vision and peripheral vision. __ detect shades of gray but do not discern color.

A

Rods

29
Q

Filled with aqueous humor, a watery filtrate produced by the ciliary body.

Aqueous humor circulates from the posterior chamber behind the iris, through the pupil, and to the anterior chamber, where it is reabsorbed.

A

Anterior cavity

30
Q

Filled with transparent, jelly-like vitreous body. This cavity is posterior to the lens.

A

Posterior cavity

31
Q

The nerve bundle projecting from the posterior of the eyeball

A

Optic nerve

32
Q

These may have been cut from your specimen during preparation

A

Extrinsic eye muscles (six)

33
Q

The white portion of the vascular layer

A

Sclera

34
Q

The clear, anterior portion of the vascular layer

A

Cornea

35
Q

The pigmented region under the cornea

A

Iris

36
Q

The iris’s hole (it may be oblong in your specimen rather than round as in the human)

A

Pupil

37
Q

The thin mucous membrane over the anterior portion of the eye, extending to line the inner eyelid

A

Conjunctiva

38
Q

The thick jelly-like substance of the posterior cavity

A

Vitreous body

39
Q

A watery liquid in the anterior cavity

A

Aqueous humor

40
Q

A plastic-like ball of translucent tissue (in fresh specimens it is very clear; hold it up and try to look through it)

A

Lens

41
Q

A ring of ridges around the outside of the iris’s margin (the ridges are formed by the ciliary muscles within

A

Ciliary body

42
Q

A thin film of gray matter loosely associated with the inside posterior wall of the eyeball (it may have fallen away, appearing as a crumpled mass still attached at the optic disk)

A

Retina

43
Q

The pigmented region of the vascular layer in the posterior region of the eyeball’s wall, deep to the sclera and superficial to the retina.

A

Choroid -

44
Q

In some mammals but not in humans, an ___ can be seen in the choroid.

A

iridescent tapetum lucidum

45
Q

A fold of skin that closes over the eye to protect it

A

Eyelids

46
Q

Transparent mucous membrane adhering to the anterior surface of the eye and lining of the eyelids

A

Conjuctiva

ANAPHY (lab) (21 decks)

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