Cell Cycle

Question 1

The process of distributing genetic material in the parent cell and its subsequent division into offspring cells is termed ?

Answer 1

mitosis

Question 2

Mitosis was named in the late 19th century by ____, who noticed thread-like structures in. cells during cell division

Answer 2

Walther Flemming

Question 3

mitos- means

Answer 3

threads

Question 4

-osis means

Answer 4

condition of

Question 5

The pinching in of the plasma membrane, and eventual split of the membrane and its contents into two offspring cells, is termed.

Answer 5

cytokinesis

Question 6

is not a phase of mitosis but is the period between cell divisions. However, it is not an inactive time because the chromatin replicates during ____ (forming two sister chromatids joined at a centromere). In anticipation of division, additional cell fluid and organelles are formed during ___.

As an initial growth phase (G1)
DNA replication or synthesis (S) phase, Second growth (G2) phase.

Answer 6

Interphase

Question 7

is the first phase of mitosis. During ___, the nuclear membrane disappears, freeing the chromatin (which first shortens into tiny bodies called chromosomes).
In addition, centriole pairs move to opposite poles of the cell as spindle fibers begin to project from them. The spindle fibers extend toward the equator of the cell and may overlap with spindle fibers projecting from the opposite centriole pair. A spindle fiber may also attach to one side of a chromosome’s centromere.

Answer 7

Prophase

Question 8

is the period during which the chromosomes (each a pair of replicate chromatids joined at a centromere) line up along the cell’s equator (imaginary center plane).
Each chromosome now has a pair of spindle fibers attached to it, one from each centriole pair.

Answer 8

Metaphase

Question 9

is the phase during which the chromatids split at the centromere, each moving toward an opposite pole along the path of a spindle fiber.

Answer 9

Anaphase

Question 10

At the end of anaphase, each pole of the cell has a full group of ___ single chromosomes. The chromosomes on one side of the cell are replicates of the set of chromosomes on the other side.

Answer 10

46

Question 11

is the time during which each side of the cell changes everything to the way it should be during interphase:
• a nuclear membrane forms around each group of chro-mosomes.
• the chromosomes uncoil to form long chromatin strands.
• remnants of the spindle fibers disintegrate.

Answer 11

Telophase

Question 12

During ____ of mitosis, the separate (but concurrent process of cytokinesis begins.) By the end of __, cleavage, or pinching in, of the parent cell is evident. By the end of __, complete splitting of the parent cell into two similar offspring cells is complete.

Each offspring cell has a nucleus and approximately half of the cytoplasm and organelles of the parent cell.

Answer 12

Anaphase, telophase

Question 13

Cell division can range from

Answer 13

20 minutes to several hours